arthyperАртериальная гипертензия"Arterial’naya Gipertenziya" ("Arterial Hypertension")1607-419X2411-8524Antihypertensive League10.18705/1607-419X-2019-25-2-158-168arthyper-1787Research ArticleСтатьиArticlesДинамика показателей барорефлекторной регуляции кровообращения в процессе тилт-теста у мужчин молодого возраста с вазовагальными обмороками в анамнезеBaroreflex circulation regulation during tilt test in young males with a history of vasovagal syncopeshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1943-9545БарсуковА. В.BarsukovA. V.

доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заместитель начальника кафедры госпитальной терапии

ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6, Санкт-Петербург, Россия, 194044

MD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Deputy Chief, Department of Internal Diseases

6 Akademician Lebedev street, St Petersburg, 194044 Russia

avbarsukov@yandex.ruЧепчерукО. Г.ChepcherukO. G.

аспирант кафедры госпитальной терапии

ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6, Санкт-Петербург, Россия, 194044

MD, Aspirant, Department of Internal Diseases

6 Akademician Lebedev street, St Petersburg, 194044 Russia

ГлуховскойД. В.GlukhovskoiD. V.

кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий отделением клиники госпитальной терапии

ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6, Санкт-Петербург, Россия, 194044

MD, PhD, Assistant, Department of Internal Diseases

6 Akademician Lebedev street, St Petersburg, 194044 Russia

КоровинА. Е.KorovinA. E.

доктор медицинских наук, начальник научно-исследовательской лаборатории (военной терапии)

ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6, Санкт-Петербург, Россия, 194044

MD, PhD, DSc, Chief, Laboratory of Military Therapy, Professor of Department of Pathology

6 Akademician Lebedev street, St Petersburg, 194044 Russia

ЯковлевВ. В.YakovlevV. V.

доктор медицинских наук, доцент кафедры госпитальной терапии

ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6, Санкт-Петербург, Россия, 194044

MD, PhD, DSc, Deputy Professor, Department of Internal Diseases

6 Akademician Lebedev street, St Petersburg, 194044 Russia

ГордиенкоА. В.GordienkoA. V.

доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой госпитальной терапии

ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6, Санкт-Петербург, Россия, 194044

MD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Chief, Department of Internal Diseases

6 Akademician Lebedev street, St Petersburg, 194044 Russia

Федеральное государственное бюджетное военное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Военно-медицинская академия имени С. М. Кирова» Министерства обороны Российской ФедерацииKirov Military Medical AcademyФедеральное государственное бюджетное военное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Военно-медицинская академия имени С. М. Кирова» Министерства обороны Российской Федерации, Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет» Правительства Российской ФедерацииKirov Military Medical Academy, Saint-Petersburg State University201908052019252158168Copyright © Барсуков А.В., Чепчерук О.Г., Глуховской Д.В., Коровин А.Е., Яковлев В.В., Гордиенко А.В., 20192019Барсуков А.В., Чепчерук О.Г., Глуховской Д.В., Коровин А.Е., Яковлев В.В., Гордиенко А.В.Barsukov A.V., Chepcheruk O.G., Glukhovskoi D.V., Korovin A.E., Yakovlev V.V., Gordienko A.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://htn.almazovcentre.ru/jour/article/view/1787

Background. Vasovagal syncopes (VVS) are relatively often recorded in the population of young people. Objective. To establish the changes in the baroreflex function during the tilt test in healthy young males with the history of VVS. Design and methods. A total of 102 people aged 18–30 years were examined and divided into 4 groups, taking into account the specific features of fainting history and response to the tilt test. Subjects of the group 1 (n = 14) had a history of VVS and a positive response to the tilt test (syncope). Subjects of the group 2 (n = 14) had a history of VVS and a pattern of postural tachycardia without fainting verified during the tilt test. Subjects of the group 3 (n = 42) had a history of VVS and a negative response to the tilt test. Subjects of the group 4 (n = 32) did not have a history of VVS and showed a negative response to the tilt test. During the tilt test, we studied the dynamics of the baroreflex functional parameters (the number of baroreflex reactions (NBR), the baroreflex effectiveness index (BEI), the baroreflex sensitivity (BRS)). Results. In the individuals of each group, in the initial horizontal phase, values of NBR, BEI, BRS were within normal range and did not show significant intergroup differences (p > 0,05). The passive orthostasis was associated with the increase in NBR (in each group beside control group), a decrease in BEI and BRS. The increase in NBR in the vertical phase of the tilt test (relative to the initial horizontal phase) was 87 %, 6 %, 16 % in the groups 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. The tilt-induced decrease in NBR comprised 8 % in the group 4. The decrease in the BEI in the vertical phase of the tilt test (relative to the initial horizontal phase) consisted: 22 %, 19 %, 12 %, 10 % in subjects of the 1, 2, 3, 4 groups, respectively. During the passive orthostasis we observed a decrease in BRS: by 65 %, 69 %, 64 %, 57 % in individuals of the groups 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. Returning from a vertical to a horizontal position in all groups led to a pronounced decrease in NBR and an increase in the BEI to values lower than in baseline horizontal tilt test phase; to an excessive increase in the BRS exceeding the pre-test values in each study group. Conclusions. In prolonged passive orthostasis, healthy young males, regardless of the fainting history, demonstrate a decrease in the baroreflex regulation. Among those with the history of VVS, tilt-positive subjects are characterized by a more pronounced orthostasis-induced drop in the baroreflex sensitivity and the baroreflex effectiveness index and a slow recovery of the baroreflex regulatory function compared to the tilt-negative subjects and to those who demonstrated postural tachycardia pattern without syncope.

вазовагальный обморокмужской полмолодой возрасттилт-тестбарорефлексvasovagal syncopemale genderyoung agetilt testbaroreflexReferencesBrignole M, Moya A, de Lange FJ, Deharo JC, Elliott PM, Fanciulli A et al. 2018 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of syncope. Eur Heart J. 2018;39(21):1883–1948. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehy037Brignole M, Moya A, de Lange FJ, Deharo JC, Elliott PM, Fanciulli A et al. 2018 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of syncope. Eur Heart J. 2018;39(21):1883–1948. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehy037Sheldon RS, Grubb BP II, Olshansky B, Shen WK, Calkins H, Brignole M et al. 2015 Heart Rhythm Society expert consensus statement on the diagnosis and treatment of postural tachycardia syndrome, inappropriate sinus tachycardia, and vasovagal syncope. Heart Rhythm 2015;12(6):41–63. doi:10.1016/j.hrthm.2015.03.029Sheldon RS, Grubb BP II, Olshansky B, Shen WK, Calkins H, Brignole M et al. 2015 Heart Rhythm Society expert consensus statement on the diagnosis and treatment of postural tachycardia syndrome, inappropriate sinus tachycardia, and vasovagal syncope. Heart Rhythm 2015;12(6):41–63. doi:10.1016/j.hrthm.2015.03.029Барсуков А. В., Глуховской Д. В., Чепчерук О. Г., Диденко М. В., Бобров А. Л. Синкопальные состояния как сфера профессиональных интересов врача-кардиолога. Вестн. Росс. Воен. мед. акад. 2016;3 (55):251–259.Barsukov AV, Glukhovskoy DV, Chepcheruk OG, Didenko MV, Bobrov AL. Syncopes as a sphere of professional interests of a cardiologist. Vestn Ross Mil Med Acad. 2016;3(55):251–259. In Russian.Mosqueda-Garcia R, Furlan R, Tank J, Fernandez-Violante R. The elusive pathophysiology of neurally mediated syncope. Circulation. 2000;102 (23):2898–2906. doi: org/10.1161/01.CIR.102.23.2898Barsukov AV, Glukhovskoy DV, Chepcheruk OG, Didenko MV, Bobrov AL. Syncopes as a sphere of professional interests of a cardiologist. Vestn Ross Mil Med Acad. 2016;3(55):251–259. In Russian.Iacoviello M, Forleo C, Guida P et al. Independent role of reduced arterial baroreflex sensitivity during head-up tilt testing in predicting vasovagal syncope recurrence. Europace. 2010;12 (8):1149–1155. doi:10.1093/europace/euq149Mosqueda-Garcia R, Furlan R, Tank J, Fernandez-Violante R. The elusive pathophysiology of neurally mediated syncope. Circulation. 2000;102 (23):2898–2906. doi: org/10.1161/01.CIR.102.23.2898Moya A, Sutton R, Ammirati F, Blanc JJ, Brignole M, Dahm JB et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of syncope (version 2009): the Task Force for the Diagnosis and Management of Syncope of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur Heart J. 2009;30(21):2631–2671. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehp298Mosqueda-Garcia R, Furlan R, Tank J, Fernandez-Violante R. The elusive pathophysiology of neurally mediated syncope. Circulation. 2000;102 (23):2898–2906. doi: org/10.1161/01.CIR.102.23.2898Di Rienzo M, Parati G, Castiglioni P, Tordi R, Mancia G, Pedotti A. Baroreflex effectiveness index: an additional measure of baroreflex control of heart rate in daily life. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2001;280(3):744–751.Iacoviello M, Forleo C, Guida P et al. Independent role of reduced arterial baroreflex sensitivity during head-up tilt testing in predicting vasovagal syncope recurrence. Europace. 2010;12 (8):1149–1155. doi:10.1093/europace/euq149Brignole M, Menozzi C, Del Rosso A, Costa S, Gaggioli G, Bottoni N et al. New classification of haemodynamics of vasovagal syncope: beyond the VASIS classification. Analysis of the presyncopal phase of the tilt test without and with nitroglycerin challenge. Vasovagal Syncope International Study. Europace. 2000;2(1):66–76.Iacoviello M, Forleo C, Guida P et al. Independent role of reduced arterial baroreflex sensitivity during head-up tilt testing in predicting vasovagal syncope recurrence. Europace. 2010;12 (8):1149–1155. doi:10.1093/europace/euq149Gribbin B, Pickering TG, Sleight P, Peto R. Effect of age and high blood pressure on baroreflex sensitivity in man. Circ Res. 1971;29(4):424–431.Moya A, Sutton R, Ammirati F, Blanc JJ, Brignole M, Dahm JB et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of syncope (version 2009): the Task Force for the Diagnosis and Management of Syncope of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur Heart J. 2009;30(21):2631–2671. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehp298Зюзина Н. Е. Состояние барорефлекторной регуляции у больных вазовагальными обмороками: дис. … канд. мед. наук: 14.01.05. М., 2015: 106Moya A, Sutton R, Ammirati F, Blanc JJ, Brignole M, Dahm JB et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of syncope (version 2009): the Task Force for the Diagnosis and Management of Syncope of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur Heart J. 2009;30(21):2631–2671. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehp298Iacoviello M, Guida P, Forleo C, Sorrentino S, D’Alonzo L, Favale S. Impaired arterial baroreflex function before nitrate168 induced vasovagal syncope during head-up tilt test. Europace. 2008;10(10):1170–1175. doi:10.1093/europace/eun217Di Rienzo M, Parati G, Castiglioni P, Tordi R, Mancia G, Pedotti A. Baroreflex effectiveness index: an additional measure of baroreflex control of heart rate in daily life. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2001;280(3):744–751.Pitzalis M, Parati G, Massari F, Guida P, Di Rienzo M, Rizzon B et al. Enhanced reflex response to baroreceptor deactivation in subjects with tilt-induced syncope. Jam Coll Cardiol. 2003;41(7):1167–1173.Di Rienzo M, Parati G, Castiglioni P, Tordi R, Mancia G, Pedotti A. Baroreflex effectiveness index: an additional measure of baroreflex control of heart rate in daily life. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2001;280(3):744–751.Samniah N, Sakaguchi S, Ermis C, Lurie KG, Benditt DG. Transient modification of baroreceptor response during tiltinduced vasovagal syncope. Europace. 2004;6(1):48–54.Brignole M, Menozzi C, Del Rosso A, Costa S, Gaggioli G, Bottoni N et al. New classification of haemodynamics of vasovagal syncope: beyond the VASIS classification. Analysis of the presyncopal phase of the tilt test without and with nitroglycerin challenge. Vasovagal Syncope International Study. Europace. 2000;2(1):66–76.Mitro P, Simurda M, Evin L, Murin P, Muller E. Reduced baroreflex sensitivity in patients with vasovagal syncope. Bratisl Lek Listy. 2015;116(10):582–586.Brignole M, Menozzi C, Del Rosso A, Costa S, Gaggioli G, Bottoni N et al. New classification of haemodynamics of vasovagal syncope: beyond the VASIS classification. Analysis of the presyncopal phase of the tilt test without and with nitroglycerin challenge. Vasovagal Syncope International Study. Europace. 2000;2(1):66–76.Sneddon JF, Bashir Y, Murgatroyd FD, Ward DE, Camm AJ, Malik M. Do patients with neurally mediated syncope have augmented vagal tone? Am J Cardiol. 1993;72(17):1314–1315.Gribbin B, Pickering TG, Sleight P, Peto R. Effect of age and high blood pressure on baroreflex sensitivity in man. Circ Res. 1971;29(4):424–431.Chaddha A, Wenzke KE, Brignole M, Wasmund SL, Page RL, Hamdan MH. The role of the baroreflex in tilt table testing: outcome and type of response. JACC: Clin Electrophysiol. 2016;2(7):812–817. doi:10.1016/j.jacep.2016.05.001Gribbin B, Pickering TG, Sleight P, Peto R. Effect of age and high blood pressure on baroreflex sensitivity in man. Circ Res. 1971;29(4):424–431.Lee SH, Yang JH, Yim HR, Park J, Park SJ, Park KM et al. Hemodynamic parameters and baroreflex sensitivity during headup tilt test in patients with neurally mediated syncope. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2017;40(12):1454–1461. doi:10.1111/pace.13217Zyuzina NE. Condition of baroreflex regulation in patients with vasovagal syncopes: PhD thesis: 14.01.05. M., 2015: 106. In Russian.Kardos A, Rudas L, Simon J, Gingl Z, Csanády M. Effect of postural changes on arterial baroreflex sensitivity assessed by the spontaneous sequence method and Valsalva manoeuvre in healthy subjects. Clin Auton Res. 1997;7(3):143–148.Zyuzina NE. Condition of baroreflex regulation in patients with vasovagal syncopes: PhD thesis: 14.01.05. M., 2015: 106. In Russian.Laitinen T, Hartikainen J, Vanninen E, Niskanen L, Geelen G, Länsimies E. Age and gender dependency of baroreflex sensitivity in healthy subjects. J Appl Physiol. 1998;84(2):576–583.Iacoviello M, Guida P, Forleo C, Sorrentino S, D’Alonzo L, Favale S. Impaired arterial baroreflex function before nitrate168 induced vasovagal syncope during head-up tilt test. Europace. 2008;10(10):1170–1175. doi:10.1093/europace/eun217Cooper VL, Hainsworth R. Effects of head-up tilting on baroreceptor control in subjects with different tolerances to orthostatic stress. Clin Sci. 2002;103(3):221–226.Iacoviello M, Guida P, Forleo C, Sorrentino S, D’Alonzo L, Favale S. Impaired arterial baroreflex function before nitrate168 induced vasovagal syncope during head-up tilt test. Europace. 2008;10(10):1170–1175. doi:10.1093/europace/eun217Богачев М. И., Мамонтов О. В., Конради А. О., Ульяницкий Ю. Д. Оценка спонтанного артериального барорефлекса методом совместного анализа показателей кратковременной изменчивости артериального давления и сердечного ритма. Артериальная гипертензия. 2007;13(1):69–75.Pitzalis M, Parati G, Massari F, Guida P, Di Rienzo M, Rizzon B et al. Enhanced reflex response to baroreceptor deactivation in subjects with tilt-induced syncope. Jam Coll Cardiol. 2003;41(7):1167–1173.Victor RG, Mark AL. Interaction of cardiopulmonary and carotid baroreflex control of vascular resistance in humans. J Clin Invest. 1985;76(4):1592–1598.Pitzalis M, Parati G, Massari F, Guida P, Di Rienzo M, Rizzon B et al. Enhanced reflex response to baroreceptor deactivation in subjects with tilt-induced syncope. Jam Coll Cardiol. 2003;41(7):1167–1173.Fauvel JP, Cerutti C, Quelin P, Laville M, Gustin MP, Paultre CZ et al. Mental stress-induced increase in blood pressure is not related to baroreflex sensitivity in middle-aged healthy men. Hypertension. 2000;35(4):887–891.Samniah N, Sakaguchi S, Ermis C, Lurie KG, Benditt DG. Transient modification of baroreceptor response during tiltinduced vasovagal syncope. Europace. 2004;6(1):48–54.Samniah N, Sakaguchi S, Ermis C, Lurie KG, Benditt DG. Transient modification of baroreceptor response during tiltinduced vasovagal syncope. Europace. 2004;6(1):48–54.Samniah N, Sakaguchi S, Ermis C, Lurie KG, Benditt DG. Transient modification of baroreceptor response during tiltinduced vasovagal syncope. Europace. 2004;6(1):48–54.Mitro P, Simurda M, Evin L, Murin P, Muller E. Reduced baroreflex sensitivity in patients with vasovagal syncope. Bratisl Lek Listy. 2015;116(10):582–586.Mitro P, Simurda M, Evin L, Murin P, Muller E. Reduced baroreflex sensitivity in patients with vasovagal syncope. Bratisl Lek Listy. 2015;116(10):582–586.Mitro P, Simurda M, Evin L, Murin P, Muller E. Reduced baroreflex sensitivity in patients with vasovagal syncope. Bratisl Lek Listy. 2015;116(10):582–586.Mitro P, Simurda M, Evin L, Murin P, Muller E. Reduced baroreflex sensitivity in patients with vasovagal syncope. Bratisl Lek Listy. 2015;116(10):582–586.Sneddon JF, Bashir Y, Murgatroyd FD, Ward DE, Camm AJ, Malik M. Do patients with neurally mediated syncope have augmented vagal tone? Am J Cardiol. 1993;72(17):1314–1315.Sneddon JF, Bashir Y, Murgatroyd FD, Ward DE, Camm AJ, Malik M. Do patients with neurally mediated syncope have augmented vagal tone? Am J Cardiol. 1993;72(17):1314–1315.Sneddon JF, Bashir Y, Murgatroyd FD, Ward DE, Camm AJ, Malik M. Do patients with neurally mediated syncope have augmented vagal tone? Am J Cardiol. 1993;72(17):1314–1315.Sneddon JF, Bashir Y, Murgatroyd FD, Ward DE, Camm AJ, Malik M. Do patients with neurally mediated syncope have augmented vagal tone? Am J Cardiol. 1993;72(17):1314–1315.Chaddha A, Wenzke KE, Brignole M, Wasmund SL, Page RL, Hamdan MH. The role of the baroreflex in tilt table testing: outcome and type of response. JACC: Clin Electrophysiol. 2016;2(7):812–817. doi:10.1016/j.jacep.2016.05.001Chaddha A, Wenzke KE, Brignole M, Wasmund SL, Page RL, Hamdan MH. The role of the baroreflex in tilt table testing: outcome and type of response. JACC: Clin Electrophysiol. 2016;2(7):812–817. doi:10.1016/j.jacep.2016.05.001Chaddha A, Wenzke KE, Brignole M, Wasmund SL, Page RL, Hamdan MH. The role of the baroreflex in tilt table testing: outcome and type of response. JACC: Clin Electrophysiol. 2016;2(7):812–817. doi:10.1016/j.jacep.2016.05.001Chaddha A, Wenzke KE, Brignole M, Wasmund SL, Page RL, Hamdan MH. The role of the baroreflex in tilt table testing: outcome and type of response. JACC: Clin Electrophysiol. 2016;2(7):812–817. doi:10.1016/j.jacep.2016.05.001Lee SH, Yang JH, Yim HR, Park J, Park SJ, Park KM et al. Hemodynamic parameters and baroreflex sensitivity during headup tilt test in patients with neurally mediated syncope. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2017;40(12):1454–1461. doi:10.1111/pace.13217Lee SH, Yang JH, Yim HR, Park J, Park SJ, Park KM et al. Hemodynamic parameters and baroreflex sensitivity during headup tilt test in patients with neurally mediated syncope. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2017;40(12):1454–1461. doi:10.1111/pace.13217Lee SH, Yang JH, Yim HR, Park J, Park SJ, Park KM et al. Hemodynamic parameters and baroreflex sensitivity during headup tilt test in patients with neurally mediated syncope. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2017;40(12):1454–1461. doi:10.1111/pace.13217Lee SH, Yang JH, Yim HR, Park J, Park SJ, Park KM et al. Hemodynamic parameters and baroreflex sensitivity during headup tilt test in patients with neurally mediated syncope. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2017;40(12):1454–1461. doi:10.1111/pace.13217Kardos A, Rudas L, Simon J, Gingl Z, Csanády M. Effect of postural changes on arterial baroreflex sensitivity assessed by the spontaneous sequence method and Valsalva manoeuvre in healthy subjects. Clin Auton Res. 1997;7(3):143–148.Kardos A, Rudas L, Simon J, Gingl Z, Csanády M. Effect of postural changes on arterial baroreflex sensitivity assessed by the spontaneous sequence method and Valsalva manoeuvre in healthy subjects. Clin Auton Res. 1997;7(3):143–148.Kardos A, Rudas L, Simon J, Gingl Z, Csanády M. Effect of postural changes on arterial baroreflex sensitivity assessed by the spontaneous sequence method and Valsalva manoeuvre in healthy subjects. Clin Auton Res. 1997;7(3):143–148.Kardos A, Rudas L, Simon J, Gingl Z, Csanády M. Effect of postural changes on arterial baroreflex sensitivity assessed by the spontaneous sequence method and Valsalva manoeuvre in healthy subjects. Clin Auton Res. 1997;7(3):143–148.Laitinen T, Hartikainen J, Vanninen E, Niskanen L, Geelen G, Länsimies E. Age and gender dependency of baroreflex sensitivity in healthy subjects. J Appl Physiol. 1998;84(2):576–583.Laitinen T, Hartikainen J, Vanninen E, Niskanen L, Geelen G, Länsimies E. Age and gender dependency of baroreflex sensitivity in healthy subjects. J Appl Physiol. 1998;84(2):576–583.Laitinen T, Hartikainen J, Vanninen E, Niskanen L, Geelen G, Länsimies E. Age and gender dependency of baroreflex sensitivity in healthy subjects. J Appl Physiol. 1998;84(2):576–583.Laitinen T, Hartikainen J, Vanninen E, Niskanen L, Geelen G, Länsimies E. Age and gender dependency of baroreflex sensitivity in healthy subjects. J Appl Physiol. 1998;84(2):576–583.Cooper VL, Hainsworth R. Effects of head-up tilting on baroreceptor control in subjects with different tolerances to orthostatic stress. Clin Sci. 2002;103(3):221–226.Cooper VL, Hainsworth R. Effects of head-up tilting on baroreceptor control in subjects with different tolerances to orthostatic stress. Clin Sci. 2002;103(3):221–226.Cooper VL, Hainsworth R. Effects of head-up tilting on baroreceptor control in subjects with different tolerances to orthostatic stress. Clin Sci. 2002;103(3):221–226.Cooper VL, Hainsworth R. Effects of head-up tilting on baroreceptor control in subjects with different tolerances to orthostatic stress. Clin Sci. 2002;103(3):221–226.Bogachev MI, Mamontov OV, Konradi AO, Uljanitsky YuD. Assessment of spontaneous arterial baroreflex by the method of joint analysis of indicators of short-term variability of blood pressure and heart rate. Arterial’naya Gipertenziya = Arterial Hypertension. 2007;13 (1):69–75. In Russian.Bogachev MI, Mamontov OV, Konradi AO, Uljanitsky YuD. Assessment of spontaneous arterial baroreflex by the method of joint analysis of indicators of short-term variability of blood pressure and heart rate. Arterial’naya Gipertenziya = Arterial Hypertension. 2007;13 (1):69–75. In Russian.Bogachev MI, Mamontov OV, Konradi AO, Uljanitsky YuD. Assessment of spontaneous arterial baroreflex by the method of joint analysis of indicators of short-term variability of blood pressure and heart rate. Arterial’naya Gipertenziya = Arterial Hypertension. 2007;13 (1):69–75. In Russian.Bogachev MI, Mamontov OV, Konradi AO, Uljanitsky YuD. Assessment of spontaneous arterial baroreflex by the method of joint analysis of indicators of short-term variability of blood pressure and heart rate. Arterial’naya Gipertenziya = Arterial Hypertension. 2007;13 (1):69–75. In Russian.Victor RG, Mark AL. Interaction of cardiopulmonary and carotid baroreflex control of vascular resistance in humans. J Clin Invest. 1985;76(4):1592–1598.Victor RG, Mark AL. Interaction of cardiopulmonary and carotid baroreflex control of vascular resistance in humans. J Clin Invest. 1985;76(4):1592–1598.Victor RG, Mark AL. Interaction of cardiopulmonary and carotid baroreflex control of vascular resistance in humans. J Clin Invest. 1985;76(4):1592–1598.Victor RG, Mark AL. Interaction of cardiopulmonary and carotid baroreflex control of vascular resistance in humans. J Clin Invest. 1985;76(4):1592–1598.Fauvel JP, Cerutti C, Quelin P, Laville M, Gustin MP, Paultre CZ et al. Mental stress-induced increase in blood pressure is not related to baroreflex sensitivity in middle-aged healthy men. Hypertension. 2000;35(4):887–891.Fauvel JP, Cerutti C, Quelin P, Laville M, Gustin MP, Paultre CZ et al. Mental stress-induced increase in blood pressure is not related to baroreflex sensitivity in middle-aged healthy men. Hypertension. 2000;35(4):887–891.Fauvel JP, Cerutti C, Quelin P, Laville M, Gustin MP, Paultre CZ et al. Mental stress-induced increase in blood pressure is not related to baroreflex sensitivity in middle-aged healthy men. Hypertension. 2000;35(4):887–891.Fauvel JP, Cerutti C, Quelin P, Laville M, Gustin MP, Paultre CZ et al. Mental stress-induced increase in blood pressure is not related to baroreflex sensitivity in middle-aged healthy men. Hypertension. 2000;35(4):887–891.

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.