<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">arthyper</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Артериальная гипертензия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>"Arterial’naya Gipertenziya" ("Arterial Hypertension")</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1607-419X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-8524</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Antihypertensive League</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18705/1607-419X-2019-25-4-433-441</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">arthyper-1861</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ассоциация между изменением частоты сердечных сокращений при выполнении ортостатической пробы и падениями у полиморбидных пациентов старше 60 лет</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Association between heart rate response  during orthostatic test and falls in polymorbid patients aged 60 years and older</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3347-0984</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Турушева</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Turusheva</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Турушева Анна Владимировна — кандидат медицин­ских наук, доцент кафедры семейной медицины</p><p>Просвещения пр., д. 45, Санкт-Петербург, 194275</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna V. Turusheva, MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Family Medicine</p><p>45 Prosveshenya av., St Petersburg, 194275</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anna.turusheva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1628-5093</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Котовская</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kotovskaya</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Котовская Юлия Викторовна — профессор, заместитель директора по научной работе</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia V. Kotovskaya, MD, PhD, Professor, Deputy Director on Research</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kotovskaya@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5569-5175</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фролова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Frolova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фролова Елена Владимировна</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Frolova, MD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Department of Family Medicine</p><p>St Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">efrolovamd@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет имени И. И. Мечникова» Министерства здравоохранения России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The North-Western State Medical University named after I. I. Mechnikov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Обособленное структурное подразделение «Российский геронтологический научно-клинический центр» Федерального государственного автономного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н. И. Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Clinical and Research Center of Gerontology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>11</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>433</fpage><lpage>441</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Турушева А.В., Котовская Ю.В., Фролова Е.В., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Турушева А.В., Котовская Ю.В., Фролова Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Turusheva A.V., Kotovskaya Y.V., Frolova E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://htn.almazovcentre.ru/jour/article/view/1861">https://htn.almazovcentre.ru/jour/article/view/1861</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Ортостатическая гипотензия является значимым фактором риска падений в по­жилом возрасте. Для диагностики ортостатической гипотензии используется ортостатическая проба с оценкой изменения частоты сердечных сокращений (ЧСС), систолического (САД) и диастоличе­ского артериального давления (ДАД) через 3 минуты после подъема. Тем не менее, по данным ис­следований, наибольшую прогностическую значимость для выявления риска падений может играть оценка изменения САД и ДАД не на третьей минуте проведения теста, а на первой.</p><p>Цель исследо­вания — оценить значимость изменения САД, ДАД и ЧСС в 1‑ю, 2‑ю и 3‑ю минуту при проведе­нии ортостатической пробы для выявления пожилых людей с высоким риском падений.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Одномоментное поперечное исследование случайной выборки (n = 100) людей в возрасте от 59 лет и старше, из них 56 % (n = 56) были женщины. Проведены: активная ортостатическая проба, антропометрия, опрос и изучение амбулаторных карт, оценка медикаментозного лечения, выявление депрессии, деменции и степени зависимости от окружающих.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Методом прямого отбо­ра с использованием логистической регрессии установлено, что разница между ЧСС в положении лежа и в первую минуту после подъема является более значимым фактором, ассоциированным с за­регистрированными случаями падения, чем изменение уровня САД и ДАД по результатам активной ортостатической пробы. Отсутствие нарастания ЧСС в первую минуту после подъема ассоциировано с десятикратным увеличением риска падений: отношение шансов (OШ) и 95‑процентный довери­тельный интервал (95 % ДИ): 10,5 (2,9–37,8). Данная ассоциация между риском падений и величиной ЧСС не зависела от пола, возраста, приема β–блокаторов и наличия сопутствующих заболеваний.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Отсутствие нарастания ЧСС в первую минуту при переходе из горизонтального положения в вертикальное является высокочувствительным маркером для выявления пожилых людей с высо­ким риском падений.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Orthostatic hypotension is a significant risk factor of falling in older adults. To diagnose the orthostatic hypotension an orthostatic test is used with assessment of heart rate (HR) response, systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) at the 3rd minute after the rise. However, according to studies, measurement of SBP and DBP at the 1st minute after rising can be more sensitive to detect older adults at risk of falling than at 3rd minute.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of changes in SBP, DBP and HR at the 1st, 2nd and 3rd minutes when performing an orthostatic test for identification of the elderly at high-risk of falls.</p></sec><sec><title>Design and methods</title><p>Design and methods. This cross-sectional study included 100 adults aged 59+. Among them women comprise 56 % (n = 56). The following procedures were performed: the orthostatic test, anthropometry, medical history, assessment of drug treatment, depression evaluation, dementia and the degree of autonomy decline.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. HR response at the 1st minute after the transition from horizontal to vertical position is more significant factor of falls risk than SBP and DBP changes during performing of orthostatic test. Absence of HR increasing during the transition from horizontal to vertical position associates with 10‑fold of risk falls among older adults: odds ratio 95 % confidence interval (OR 95 % CI) 10,5 (2,9–37,8). This association remained significant even after adjusting for age, gender, β-blockers use and comorbidity.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Absence of HR increasing during the transition from horizontal to vertical position is a high sensitive marker of detecting older adults with polymorbidity in patients with the high risk of falls.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ортостатическая проба</kwd><kwd>риск падений</kwd><kwd>частота сердечных сокращений</kwd><kwd>артериальное давление</kwd><kwd>пожилые лица</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>orthostatic test</kwd><kwd>risk of falling</kwd><kwd>heart rate</kwd><kwd>blood pressure</kwd><kwd>older adults</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гериатрия. Национальное руководство. Под ред. О. Н. Ткачевой, Е. В. Фроловой, Н. Н. Яхно. М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2018. 608 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Geriatrics. National guideline. Ed. by O. N. Tkacheva, E. V. Frolova, N. N. Yakhno. M.: GEOTAR-Media, 2018. 608 p. In Russian.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lusardi MM, Fritz S, Middleton A, Allison L, Wingood M, Phillips E et al. Determining risk of falls in community dwelling older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis using posttest probability. J Geriatr Phys Ther. 2017;40(1):1–36.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lusardi MM, Fritz S, Middleton A, Allison L, Wingood M, Phillips E et al. Determining risk of falls in community dwelling older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis using posttest probability. J Geriatr Phys Ther. 2017;40(1):1–36.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guirguis-Blake JM, Michael YL, Perdue LA, Coppola EL, Beil TL. Interventions to prevent falls in older adults: updated evidence report and systematic review for the us preventive services task force. J Am Med Assoc. 2018;319(16):1705–1716.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guirguis-Blake JM, Michael YL, Perdue LA, Coppola EL, Beil TL. Interventions to prevent falls in older adults: updated evidence report and systematic review for the us preventive services task force. J Am Med Assoc. 2018;319(16):1705–1716.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mol A, Bui Hoang PTS, Sharmin S, Reijnierse EM, van Wezel RJA, Meskers CGM et al. Orthostatic hypotension and falls in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2019;20(5):589–597.e5. doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2018.11.003</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mol A, Bui Hoang PTS, Sharmin S, Reijnierse EM, van Wezel RJA, Meskers CGM et al. Orthostatic hypotension and falls in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2019;20(5):589–597.e5. doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2018.11.003</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Consensus Committee of the American Autonomic Society and the American Academy of Neurology. Consensus statement on the definition of orthostatic hypotension, pure autonomic failure, and multiple system atrophy. Neurology. 1996;46(5):1470.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Consensus Committee of the American Autonomic Society and the American Academy of Neurology. Consensus statement on the definition of orthostatic hypotension, pure autonomic failure, and multiple system atrophy. Neurology. 1996;46(5):1470.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Juraschek SP, Daya N, Rawlings AM, Appel LJ, Miller ER 3rd, Windham BG et al. Association of history of dizziness and long-term adverse outcomes with early vs later orthostatic hypotension assessment times in middle-aged adults. JAMA Intern Med. 2017;177 (9):1316–1323. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2017.2937</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Juraschek SP, Daya N, Rawlings AM, Appel LJ, Miller ER 3rd, Windham BG et al. Association of history of dizziness and long-term adverse outcomes with early vs later orthostatic hypotension assessment times in middle-aged adults. JAMA Intern Med. 2017;177 (9):1316–1323. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2017.2937</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Melillo P, Jovic A, De Luca N, Morgan SP, Pecchia L.Automatic prediction of falls via heart rate variability and data mining in hypertensive patients: the share project experience. In: Lacković I., Vasic D. (eds) 6th European Conference of the International Federation for Medical and Biological Engineering. IFMBE Proceedings. Springer, Cham. 2015. 45 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Melillo P, Jovic A, De Luca N, Morgan SP, Pecchia L.Automatic prediction of falls via heart rate variability and data mining in hypertensive patients: the share project experience. In: Lacković I., Vasic D. (eds) 6th European Conference of the International Federation for Medical and Biological Engineering. IFMBE Proceedings. Springer, Cham. 2015. 45 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Razjouyan J, Grewal GS, Rishel C, Parthasarathy S, Mohler J, Najafi B. Activity monitoring and heart rate variability as indicators of fall risk: proof-of-concept for application of wearable sensors in the acute care setting. J Gerontol Nurs. 2017;43(7):53–62.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Razjouyan J, Grewal GS, Rishel C, Parthasarathy S, Mohler J, Najafi B. Activity monitoring and heart rate variability as indicators of fall risk: proof-of-concept for application of wearable sensors in the acute care setting. J Gerontol Nurs. 2017;43(7):53–62.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shaw BH, Loughin TM, Robinovitch SN, Claydon VE.Cardiovascular responses to orthostasis and their association with falls in older adults. BMC Geriatr. 2015;15:174. doi:10.1186/s12877-015-0168-z</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shaw BH, Loughin TM, Robinovitch SN, Claydon VE.Cardiovascular responses to orthostasis and their association with falls in older adults. BMC Geriatr. 2015;15:174. doi:10.1186/s12877-015-0168-z</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Черкасова В. Г. Методы исследования вегетативной нервной системы: метод, рекомендации. Пермь: Престайм, 2010. 24 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cherkasova VG. Assessment of the autonomic nervous system: methods, recommendations. Perm: Prestime, 2010. 24 p. In Russian.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Коршун Е. И., Крупенькина Л. А. Особенности клинических проявлений нарушений сердечного ритма и проводимости у гериатрических пациентов. Современные проблемы науки и образования. 2014;5. [Электронный ресурс]. URL: http://www.science-education.ru/ru/article/view?id=15218</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Korshun EN, Korshun EI, Krupenkina LA. Clinical features of cardiac arrhythmia and in geriatric patients. Modern problems of science and education. 2014;5. [Electronic resource. URL: http://www.science-education.ru/ru/article/view?id=15218. In Russian]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Филюкова М. В. Нарушение функции синусового узла.Журнал фундаментальной медицины и биологии. 2018;1:11–19.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Filyukova MV. Dysfunction of the sinus node. Journal of Fun-damental Medicine and Biology. 2018;(1):11–19. In Russian.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Issa ZF, Miller JM, Zipes DP. Chapter 8. Sinus node dysfunction. In: Clinical arrhythmology and electrophysiology: a companion to Braunwald's heart disease (2nd edition), W. B. Saunders. 2012. 164–174 pp. doi.org/10.1016/B978-1-4557-1274-8.00008-7</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Issa ZF, Miller JM, Zipes DP. Chapter 8. Sinus node dysfunction. In: Clinical arrhythmology and electrophysiology: a companion to Braunwald's heart disease (2nd edition), W. B. Saunders. 2012. 164–174 pp. doi.org/10.1016/B978-1-4557-1274-8.00008-7</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jensen PN, Gronroos NN, Chen LY, Folsom AR, deFilippi C,Heckbert SR et al. Incidence of and risk factors for sick sinus syndrome in the general population. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;64(6):531–538. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2014.03.056</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jensen PN, Gronroos NN, Chen LY, Folsom AR, deFilippi C,Heckbert SR et al. Incidence of and risk factors for sick sinus syndrome in the general population. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;64(6):531–538. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2014.03.056</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lee K, Pressler SJ, Titler M. Falls in patients with heart fai-lure: a systematic review. J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2016;31(6):555–561.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lee K, Pressler SJ, Titler M. Falls in patients with heart fai-lure: a systematic review. J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2016;31(6):555–561.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Roig M, Eng JJ, Road JD, Reid WD. Falls in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a call for further research. Respir Med. 2009;103(9):1257–1269. doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2009.03.022</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Roig M, Eng JJ, Road JD, Reid WD. Falls in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a call for further research. Respir Med. 2009;103(9):1257–1269. doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2009.03.022</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Алиева А. М., Булаева Н. И., Громова О. И., Голухова Е. З. Вариабельность сердечного ритма в оценке клинико-функционального состояния и прогноза при хронической сер¬дечной недостаточности. Креативная кардиология. 2015;3:42–52.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alieva AM, Bulaeva NI, Gromova OI, Golukhova EZ. Heart rhythm variability in assessment of clinical state and prognosis in congestive heart failure. Creative Cardiology. 2015;3:42–52. In Russian.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Roque AL, Valenti VE, Massetti T, da Silva TD, Monteiro CB,Oliveira FR, et al. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and heart rate variability: a literature update. Int Arch Med. 2014;7:43.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Roque AL, Valenti VE, Massetti T, da Silva TD, Monteiro CB,Oliveira FR, et al. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and heart rate variability: a literature update. Int Arch Med. 2014;7:43.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brenner R, Ammann P, Yoon SI, Christen S, Hellermann J,Girod G, et al. Reduction of falls and fractures after permanent pacemaker implantation in elderly patients with sinus node dys-function. Europace. 2017;19(7):1220–1226. doi:10.1093/europace/euw156</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brenner R, Ammann P, Yoon SI, Christen S, Hellermann J,Girod G, et al. Reduction of falls and fractures after permanent pacemaker implantation in elderly patients with sinus node dys-function. Europace. 2017;19(7):1220–1226. doi:10.1093/europace/euw156</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Seifer C, Kenny RA. The prevalence of falls in older persons paced for atrioventricular block and sick sinus syndrome. Am J Geriatr Cardiol. 2003;12(5):298–305.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Seifer C, Kenny RA. The prevalence of falls in older persons paced for atrioventricular block and sick sinus syndrome. Am J Geriatr Cardiol. 2003;12(5):298–305.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
