arthyperАртериальная гипертензия"Arterial’naya Gipertenziya" ("Arterial Hypertension")1607-419X2411-8524Antihypertensive League10.18705/1607-419X-2020-26-1-6-14arthyper-1864Research ArticleОбзоры и лекцииReviewЗатратоэффективные программы профилактики хронических неинфекционных заболеваний. Часть 1: уровень законодательства, средств массовой информации и окружающей средыCost-effective programs for the noncommunicable diseases prevention. Part 1: level of legislation, media and environmenthttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0098-1403КобяковаО. С.KobyakovaO. S.

Кобякова Ольга Сергеевна — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой общей врачебной практики и поликлинической терапии, ректор 

Томск

Olga S. Kobyakova, MD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Head, Department of General Medicine, Rector

Tomsk

rector@ssmu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8037-1239МалыхР. Д.MalykhR. D.

Малых Регина Денисовна — ассистент кафедры общей врачебной практики и поликлинической терапии, заместитель декана факультета дистанционного образования 

Московский тракт, д. 2, Томск, 634050

Regina D. Malykh, MD, Assistant, Department of General Medicine, Deputy Dean, Department of Distance Learning

2 Moskovskiy trakt, Tomsk, 634250

malykh.rd@ssmu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0088-9204КуликовЕ. С.KulikovE. S.

Куликов Евгений Сергеевич — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, проректор по научной и последипломной работе

Томск

Evgeniy S. Kulikov, MD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Vice-Rector for Scientific and Postgraduate Work

Tomsk

evgeny.s.kulikov@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4449-4810ДеевИ. А.DeevI. A.

Деев Иван Анатольевич — доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры факультетской педиатрии с курсом детских болезней лечебного факультета

Томск

Ivan A. Deev, MD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Department of Pediatrics

Tomsk

ivandeyev@yandex.ruСтаровойтоваЕ. А.StarovoytovaE. A.

Старовойтова Елена Александровна — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры общей врачебной практики и поликлинической терапии

Томск

Elena A. Starovoytova, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of General Medicine

Tomsk

elena-starovoytova@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9549-9614КирилловаН. А.KirillovaN. A.

Кириллова Наталья Александровна — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры общей врачебной практики и поликлинической терапии

Томск

Natalya A. Kirillova, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of General Medicine

Tomsk

kirillova.natalya@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7072-4130БалаганскаяМ. А.BalaganskayaM. A.

Балаганская Марина Андреевна — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры общей врачебной практики и поликлинической терапии

Томск

Marina A. Balaganskaya, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of General Medicine

Tomsk

aestas@list.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5641-5094ЗагромоваТ. А.ZagromovaT. A.

Загромова Татьяна Александровна — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры общей врачебной практики и поликлинической терапии

Томск

Tatyana A. Zagromova, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of General Medicine

Tomsk

zagromova@gmail.comФедеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Сибирский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияSiberian State Medical UniversityRussian Federation202025102019261614Copyright © Кобякова О.С., Малых Р.Д., Куликов Е.С., Деев И.А., Старовойтова Е.А., Кириллова Н.А., Балаганская М.А., Загромова Т.А., 20202020Кобякова О.С., Малых Р.Д., Куликов Е.С., Деев И.А., Старовойтова Е.А., Кириллова Н.А., Балаганская М.А., Загромова Т.А.Kobyakova O.S., Malykh R.D., Kulikov E.S., Deev I.A., Starovoytova E.A., Kirillova N.A., Balaganskaya M.A., Zagromova T.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://htn.almazovcentre.ru/jour/article/view/1864

Достижения современной медицины и ряд других факторов привели к повышению общей продолжительности жизни и старению населения, что в совокупности с нездоровыми привычками способствовало росту числа хронических неинфекционных заболеваний (ХНИЗ). Уменьшение бремени ХНИЗ в масштабах мира и каждого отдельно взятого государства является одной из приоритетных областей работы, направленной на повышение качества жизни и благосостояния населения. Как известно, различные программы профилактики и менеджмента заболеваний данной группы вносят неодинаковый вклад в эффективность и стоимость этой борьбы. В 2017 году Всемирная организация здравоохранения (ВОЗ) опубликовала решения, оптимальные по затратам, и другие рекомендуемые мероприятия по профилактике неинфекционных заболеваний и борьбе с ними. Для каждого поведенческого фактора риска и категории заболеваний разработаны меры с оценкой их затратоэффективности. В данном обзоре представленные ВОЗ затратоэффективные и другие меры анализируются с точки зрения их применения на первых трех из шести выделенных уровней: законодательство, средства массовой информации, окружающая среда, сообщество, семья, медицинский специалист. Кроме того, приведены примеры превентивных программ, направленных на борьбу с курением и употреблением сахаросодержащих напитков, а также повышение физической активности населения.

Achievements of modern medicine and a number of other factors have led to an increase in the life expectancy and aging of the population. Together with an unhealthy lifestyle it has contributed to the growth in the number of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). The priority area is the reduction of the burden of NCDs on a global scale and for each individual country in order to improve the quality of life and the welfare of the population. However, various programs for the prevention and management of NCDs make an unequal contribution to their effectiveness and cost. In 2017, World Нealth Оrganization (WHO) published cost-effective solutions and other recommended interventions for the prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases. For each behavioral risk factor and disease category, measures were listed with an assessment of their cost-effectiveness. In this review, the cost-effective and other measures presented by WHO are analyzed in terms of their application at three out of the six levels identified by the authors: legislation, the media, and the environment. In addition, examples of preventive programs aimed at combating smoking and drinking sugar-sweetened beverages, as well as increasing the physical activity of the population are given.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.