arthyperАртериальная гипертензия"Arterial’naya Gipertenziya" ("Arterial Hypertension")1607-419X2411-8524Antihypertensive League10.18705/1607-419X-2020-26-6-620-628arthyper-1905Research ArticleСтатьиArticlesМикробиота кишечника при артериальной гипертензииGut microbiota and hypertensionhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9430-6339КотроваА. Д.KotrovaA. D.

Котрова Анна Дмитриевна — аспирант кафедры факультетской терапии 

Университетская наб., д.7–9, Санкт-Петербург, 199034

Anna D. Kotrova, MD, PhD Student, Department of Internal Diseases

7–9 Universitetskaya Emb., St Petersburg, 199034

st072505@student.spbu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5111-2131ШишкинА. Н.ShishkinA. N.

Шишкин Александр Николаевич — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой факультетской терапии

Санкт-Петербург

Alexandr N. Shishkin, MD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Head, Department of Internal Diseases

St Petersburg 

alexshishkin@bk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2569-6660ЕрмоленкоЕ. И.ErmolenkoE. I.

Ермоленко Елена Игоревна — доктор медицинских наук, профессор; заведующая отделом молекулярной микробиологии

Санкт-Петербург

Elena I. Ermolenko, MD, PhD, DSc, Professor, SaintPetersburg State University, Head, Department of Molecular Microbiology

St Petersburg 

lermolenko1@yandex.ruСарайкинаД. А.SaraykinaD. A.

Сарайкина Диана Александровна — студентка 6-го курса медицинского факультета 

Санкт-Петербург

Diana A. Saraykina, 6th year Student

St Petersburg 

saradiana@yandex.ruВоловниковаВ. А.VolovnikovaV. A.

Воловникова Виктория Александровна — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры факультетской терапии

Санкт-Петербург

Victoria A. Volovnikova, MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Internal Diseases

St Petersburg 

vict.volovnikova@yandex.ruСанкт-Петербургский государственный университетРоссияSaint-Petersburg State UniversityRussian FederationСанкт-Петербургский государственный университет; Институт экспериментальной медициныРоссияSaint-Petersburg State University; Institute of experimental medicineRussian Federation202026112020266620628Copyright © Котрова А.Д., Шишкин А.Н., Ермоленко Е.И., Сарайкина Д.А., Воловникова В.А., 20212021Котрова А.Д., Шишкин А.Н., Ермоленко Е.И., Сарайкина Д.А., Воловникова В.А.Kotrova A.D., Shishkin A.N., Ermolenko E.I., Saraykina D.A., Volovnikova V.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://htn.almazovcentre.ru/jour/article/view/1905

Артериальная гипертензия (АГ) является одним из наиболее распространенных сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний во всем мире. Изучение факторов риска, патогенетических механизмов АГ, а также поиск новых методов ее лечения и профилактики остаются актуальными задачами современной медицины. В последние десятилетия накоплены данные, позволяющие говорить о важной роли кишечной микробиоты (КМ) в развитии таких патологий, как хроническая болезнь почек, ожирение и сахарный диабет 2-го типа. Рассматривается потенциальное участие изменений состава КМ, ее метаболического и иммунного потенциала, как невидимого органа, генерирующего биоактивные метаболиты, в патогенезе многих сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, включая атеросклероз, сердечную недостаточность, а также АГ. Последние достижения в изучении роли микробиома желудочно-кишечного тракта поддерживают идею, что КМ может быть потенциальной терапевтической мишенью в лечении и профилактике сердечно-сосудистой патологии. Тем не менее идентификация и функциональный статус дисбиотических изменений, связанных с артериальной гипертензией, до конца не изучены. В данном обзоре проанализированы исследования состава КМ взрослого человека при АГ, рассмотрены известные на сегодняшний день закономерности и механизмы, связанные с изменением состава КМ, ее метаболитов с развитием и прогрессированием АГ.

We reviewed the composition of gut microbiota (GM) in the presence of essential hypertension by analyzing Russian and foreign research publications from the database PubMed and Electronic Research eLibrary over the last 5 years from the position of evidence-based medicine. An analytical method has been used. A literature review indicated correlations between bacteria numbers and blood pressure level. Streptococcus spp., Klebsiella spp. and also such short-chain fatty acid producers as Bifidobacterium spp., Roseburia spp. and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii were shown to have inverse and direct links with blood pressure level in patients with essential hypertension. Lactobacillus spp. take part in blood pressure regulation in case of excessive salt consumption. The recent studies confirm the role of GM in the development of essential hypertension. Certain bacterial genus and species of GM producing short-chain fatty acids require further studies.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.