arthyperАртериальная гипертензия"Arterial’naya Gipertenziya" ("Arterial Hypertension")1607-419X2411-8524Antihypertensive League10.18705/1607-419X-2020-26-3-304-311arthyper-1973Research ArticleМНЕНИЕ ЭКСПЕРТАEXPERT OPINIONСахарный диабет и COVID-19. Как они связаны? Современные стратегии борьбыDiabetes mellitus and COVID-19. How are they connected? Current strategy of fighthttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0559-697XБабенкоА. Ю.BabenkoA. Yu.

Бабенко Алина Юрьевна — доктор медицинских наук, главный научный сотрудник, руководитель научно-исследовательской лаборатории диабетологии института эндокринологии

ул. Аккуратова, д. 2, Санкт-Петербург, 197341

Alina Yu. Babenko, MD, PhD, DSc, Chief Researcher, Head, Research Laboratory of Diabetology, Institute of Endocrinology

2 Akkuratov street, St Petersburg, 197341

alina_babenko@mail.ruЛаевскаяМ. Ю.LaevskayaM. Yu.

Лаевская Мария Юрьевна — кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник научно-исследовательской лаборатории диабетологии института эндокринологии

Санкт-Петербург

Maria Yu. Laevskaya, MD, PhD, Senior Researcher, Research Laboratory of Diabetology, Institute of Endocrinology

St Petersburg

Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр имени В. А. Алмазова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияAlmazov National Medical Research CentreRussian Federation202025052020263304311Copyright © Бабенко А.Ю., Лаевская М.Ю., 20202020Бабенко А.Ю., Лаевская М.Ю.Babenko A.Y., Laevskaya M.Y.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://htn.almazovcentre.ru/jour/article/view/1973

Инфекционная эпидемия COVID-19, вызванная новым коронавирусом, характеризуется тяжелым течением у пациентов, вовлеченных в другую, неинфекционную эпидемию — сахарный диабет (СД), уже многие годы набирающую темп. Сегодня, по данным Международной диабетической федерации, в мире насчитывается 463 миллиона больных СД. Тяжесть эпидемии COVID-19 в значительной степени объясняется частым сочетанием двух этих патологий. На основании накопленных знаний по предшествующим эпидемиям гриппа и уже имеющихся по текущей можно утверждать, что СД и ожирение являются предикторами более тяжелого течения COVID-19 и смерти. С другой сторон, SARS-CoV-2 может усугублять течение СД, воздействуя непосредственно на бета-клетки поджелудочной железы, повреждая их, а также вызывая повреждение печени, усугубляя инсулинорезистентность. В статье обсуждены механизмы взаимосвязи между коронавирусной инфекцией и СД, обозначены последствия их взаимного влияния. Также в статье затронуты вопросы персонализированного выбора терапии у пациентов с различными формами COVID-19. Своевременный контроль и поддержание уровня гликемии в целевом диапазоне, определенном для каждого конкретного пациента, лежат в основе успешной профилактики COVID-19 и его лечения в случае заражения. Тяжесть заболевания определяет тактику лечения и выбор сахароснижающей терапии.

Infectious epidemic of COVID-19 caused by the new coronavirus is characterized by severe course in patients with diabetes mellitus, which presents another noninfectious pandemic accelerating for last decades. Today, according to the International Diabetic Federation data, there are 463 million patients with diabetes mellitus in the world. The burden of the COVID-19 epidemic is largely explained by a frequent combination of these two pathologies. From the previous flu epidemics and already available data of the current epidemic, diabetes mellitus and obesity are considered to be the predictors of more severe course of COVID-19 and mortality. On the other hand, SARS-CoV-2 can aggravate diabetes mellitus, via direct damage of pancreatic beta cells and the liver injury, resulting in higher insulin resistance. We discuss the mechanisms underlying the relation between coronavirus infection and diabetes mellitus and consequences of their mutual influence. Also the article reviews potential strategies of personalized therapy in COVID-19. Timely control and maintenance of individualized target glycemic level is the cornerstone of successful prevention of COVID-19 complications. Disease severity defines strategy of treatment and the choice of antihyperglycemic therapy.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.