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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">arthyper</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Артериальная гипертензия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>"Arterial’naya Gipertenziya" ("Arterial Hypertension")</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1607-419X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-8524</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Antihypertensive League</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18705/1607-419X-2022-28-4-405-418</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">arthyper-2232</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Фибрилляция предсердий у пациентов с синдромом обструктивного апноэ во время сна и метаболическим синдромом: роль цитокинов в развитии фиброза миокарда левого предсердия</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Atrial fibrillation in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and metabolic syndrome: the role of cytokines in the development of left atrial myocardial fibrosis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7293-1144</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ионин</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ionin</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ионин Валерий Александрович — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры терапии факультетской с курсом эндокринологии, кардиологии с клиникой им. акад. Г.Ф. Ланга, старший научный сотрудник НИИССЗ НКИЦа, ПСПбГМУ им. акад. И.П. Павлова Минздрава России.</p><p>ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6/8, Санкт-Петербург, 197022.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valery A. Ionin - MD, PhD, Senior Researcher, Associate Professor, Department of Internal Diseases № 2, Pavlov University.</p><p>Lev Tolstoy street, 6/8, St Petersburg, 197022.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ionin.v.a@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8479-0331</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павлова</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlova</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Павлова Виктория Александровна — клинический ординатор кафедры терапии факультетской с курсом эндокринологии, кардиологии с клиникой им. акад. Г.Ф. Ланга ПСПбГМУ им. акад. И.П. Павлова Минздрава России.</p><p>Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktoria A. Pavlova - MD, Resident, Department of Internal Diseases № 2, Pavlov University.</p><p>St Petersburg.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ilingina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6082-0751</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ананьин</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ananyin</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ананьин Андрей Михайлович — студент 6 курса лечебного факультета ПСПбГМУ им. акад. И.П. Павлова Минздрава России.</p><p>Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey M. Ananyin - 6th year Student, Medical Faculty, Pavlov University.</p><p>St Petersburg.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">andreyananin98@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7888-4374</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Барашкова</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Barashkova</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Барашкова Елизавета Ивановна — клинический ординатор кафедры терапии факультетской с курсом эндокринологии, кардиологии с клиникой им. акад. Г.Ф. Ланга ПСПбГМУ им. акад. И.П. Павлова Минздрава России.</p><p>Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elizaveta I. Barashkova - MD, Resident, Department of Internal Diseases № 2, Pavlov University.</p><p>St Petersburg.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">isafya22@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1209-7765</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Заславская</surname><given-names>Е. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaslavskaya</surname><given-names>E. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Заславская Екатерина Леонидовна — кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент кафедры терапии факультетской с курсом эндокринологии, кардиологии с клиникой им. акад. Г.Ф. Ланга ПСПбГМУ им. акад. И.П. Павлова Минздрава России.</p><p>Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina L. Zaslavskaya - MD, PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Internal Diseases № 2, Pavlov University.</p><p>St Petersburg.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">memlikster@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7047-432X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Морозов</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Morozov</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Морозов Александр Николаевич — ассистент кафедры госпитальной хирургии № 2 с клиникой, заведующий отделением рентгенхирургических методов диагностики и лечения № 3 ПСПбГМУ им. акад. И.П. Павлова Минздрава России.</p><p>Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandr N. Morozov - MD, Assistant, Department of Surgery № 2, Pavlov University.</p><p>St Petersburg.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sanmor@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8788-0076</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баранова</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baranova</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Баранова Елена Ивановна — доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры терапии факультетской с курсом эндокринологии, кардиологии с клиникой им. акад. Г.Ф. Ланга ПСПбГМУ им. акад. И.П. Павлова Минздрава России; заведующая НИЛ метаболического синдрома института эндокринологии НМИЦ им. В.А. Алмазова Минздрава России.</p><p>Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena I. Baranova - MD, PhD, DSc, FESC, Professor, Head, Research Laboratory for Metabolic Syndrome, Department of Internal Diseases № 2, Pavlov University, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Professor.</p><p>St Petersburg.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">baranova.grant2015@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр имени В.А. Алмазова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov University; Almazov National Medical Research Centre</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>08</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>405</fpage><lpage>418</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ионин В.А., Павлова В.А., Ананьин А.М., Барашкова Е.И., Заславская Е.Л., Морозов А.Н., Баранова Е.И., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ионин В.А., Павлова В.А., Ананьин А.М., Барашкова Е.И., Заславская Е.Л., Морозов А.Н., Баранова Е.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ionin V.A., Pavlova V.A., Ananyin A.M., Barashkova E.I., Zaslavskaya E.L., Morozov A.N., Baranova E.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://htn.almazovcentre.ru/jour/article/view/2232">https://htn.almazovcentre.ru/jour/article/view/2232</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования — определить концентрации в крови биомаркеров фиброза и воспаления для пациентов с метаболическим синдромом (МС), фибрилляцией предсердий (ФП) и синдромом обструктивного апноэ во время сна (СОАС) и установить их роль в формировании фиброза миокарда левого предсердия. Материалы и методы. В одномоментное исследование, проводившееся по типу «случай-контроль», было включено 286 обследованных в возрасте от 35 до 65 лет: 78 пациентов с МС(+)/ФП(+)/СОАС(+), 79 пациентов с МС(+)/ФП(+)/СОАС(-), 73 пациента с МС(+)/ФП(-)/СОАС(+) и 56 больных с МС(+)/ ФП(-)/СОАС(-). Пациентам с ФП и МС (n = 71) проводилась оценка степени выраженности фиброза миокарда левого предсердия по данным электроанатомического картирования. Результаты. Концентрация профиброгенных биомаркеров, циркулирующих в крови у больных с МС(+)/ФП(+)/СОАС(+), выше, чем у пациентов с МС(+)/ФП(-)/СОАС(+): галектин-3 (13,4 (8,5-17,6) и 8,4 (5,1-11,6) пг/мл, р &lt; 0,0001), ростовой фактор дифференцировки-15 (GDF-15) (1648,3 (775,3-2568,1) и 856,0 (622,5-1956,4) пг/мл, р &lt; 0,0001), N-терминального пропептида коллагена III типа (PIIINP) (95,6 (78,6-120,4) и 50,6 (38,9-68,3) нг/мл, р &lt; 0,0001), N-терминального пропептида коллагена I типа (PINP) (3459,4 (2167,1-4112,1) и 2355,3 (1925,0-3382,1) пг/мл, р &lt; 0,0001). В обследуемой когорте пациентов с СОАС выявлены положительные корреляции между галектином-3 и кардиотрофином-1 (r = 0,410, p = 0,00002), галектином-3 и GDF-15 (r = 0,430, p = 0,0003), галектином-3 и PIIINP (r = 0,451, p = 0,0001). Корреляционный анализ позволил выявить сильную положительную связь индекса апноэ/гипопноэ (ИАГ) с концентрациями в крови GDF-15 (r = 0,661, p &lt; 0,00001), галектином-3 (r = 0,519, p &lt; 0,00001), ИЛ-6 (r = 0,310, p = 0,0001) и СРБ (r = 0,361, p = 0,002). Выявлены отрицательные корреляции среднего уровня SpO2 c СРБ (r = -0,354, p = 0,001), галектином-3 (r = -0,451, p &lt; 0,00001), GDF-15 (r = -0,637, p &lt; 0,00001), а минимальный уровень SpO2 в наибольшей степени имел отрицательную связь с концентрацией GDF-15 (r = 0,664, p &lt; 0,00001). У пациентов с ФП и СОАС выраженность фиброза больше, чем у больных с ФП без СОАС (28,6 (23,6-36,6) и 13,5 (9,9-23,6) %, р = 0,0002).ИАГ положительно коррелировал со степенью выраженности фиброза (r = 0,708, p &lt; 0,00001). У пациентов с ФП и СОАС наиболее сильная положительная связь степени выраженности фиброза с PINP (г = 0,572, p &lt; 0,0001; в = 0,511, р &lt; 0,0001) и галектином-3 (г = 0,449, p = 0,0009; в = 0,807, р &lt; 0,0001). Заключение. Повышение концентрации биомаркеров фиброза в крови ассоциировано с увеличением степени выраженности фиброза миокарда левого предсердия и, вероятно, имеет патогенетическую роль в повышении риска ФП в когорте пациентов с МС и СОАС.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective. To determine the blood concentrations of biomarkers of fibrosis and inflammation in patients with metabolic syndrome (MS), atrial fibrillation (AF) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and to establish their role in the formation of left atrial myocardial fibrosis. Design and methods. A cross-sectional case-control study included 286 patients aged 35 to 65 years: 78 patients with MS(+)/AF(+)/OSA(+), 79 patients with MS(+) / AF(+)/OSA(-), 73 patients with MS(+)/AF(-)/OSA(+) and 56 patients with MS(+)/AF(-)/OSA(-). Patients with AF and MS (n = 71) were assessed for the severity of left atrial myocardial fibrosis with electroanatomical mapping. Results. It was found that the concentration of profibrogenic biomarkers circulating in the blood of patients with MS(+)/AF(+)/OSA(+) is higher than in patients with MS(+)/AF(-)/OSA(+): galectin-3 (13,4 (8,5-17,6) and 8,4 (5,1-11,6) pg/ml, p &lt; 0,0001), growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) (1648,3 (775,32568,1) and 856,0 (622,5-1956,4) pg/ml, p &lt; 0,0001), N-terminal peptide of type III procollagen (PIIINP) (95,6 (78,6-120,4) and 50,6 (38,9-68,3) ng/ml, p &lt; 0,0001), N-terminal peptide of type I procollagen (PINP) (3459,4 (2167,1-4112,1) and 2355,3 (1925,0-3382,1) pg/ml, p &lt; 0,0001). In the examined cohort of patients with OSA, positive correlations were found between galectin-3 and cardiotrophin-1 (r = 0,410, p = 0,00002), galectin-3 and GDF-15 (r = 0,430, p = 0,0003), galectin-3 and PIIINP (r = 0,451, p = 0,0001). Correlation analysis showed a strong positive relationship between the apnea/hypopnea index (AHI) and blood concentrations of GDF-15 (r = 0,661, p &lt; 0,00001), galectin-3 (r = 0,519, p &lt; 0,00001), interleukin 6 (r = 0,310, p = 0,0001) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (r = 0,361, p = 0,002). Negative correlations of the average level of SpO2 with CRP (r = -0,354, p = 0,001), galectin-3 (r = -0,451, p &lt; 0,00001), GDF-15 (r = -0,637, p &lt; 0,00001) were found. In patients with AF and OSA, fibrosis was more severe than in patients with AF without OSA (28,6 (23,6-36,6) and 13,5 (9,9-23,6) %, p = 0,0002). AHI positively correlated with the severity of fibrosis (r = 0,708, p &lt; 0,00001). The patients with AF and OSA showed the strongest positive relationship between the severity of fibrosis and PINP (r = 0,572, p &lt; 0,0001; в = 0,511, p &lt; 0,0001) and galectin-3 (r = 0,449, p = 0,0009; в = 0,807, p &lt; 0,0001). Conclusions. An increase in the concentration of fibrosis biomarkers in the blood is associated with an increase in the severity of left atrial myocardial fibrosis and probably has a pathogenetic role in increasing the risk of AF in patients with MS and OSA.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фиброз</kwd><kwd>воспаление</kwd><kwd>фибрилляция предсердий</kwd><kwd>метаболический синдром</kwd><kwd>обструктивное апноэ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>fibrosis</kwd><kwd>inflammation</kwd><kwd>atrial fibrillation</kwd><kwd>metabolic syndrome</kwd><kwd>obstructive sleep apnea</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Glikson M, Nielsen JC, Kronborg MB, Michowitz Y, Auricchio A, Israel Moshe Barbash et al. 2021 ESC Guidelines on cardiac pacing and cardiac resynchronization therapy Developed by the Task Force on cardiac pacing and cardiac resynchronization therapy of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) With the special contribution of the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA). 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