arthyperАртериальная гипертензия"Arterial’naya Gipertenziya" ("Arterial Hypertension")1607-419X2411-8524Antihypertensive League10.18705/1607-419X-2023-29-1-14-23arthyper-2297Research ArticleОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИORIGINAL ARTICLESПроблема гиперурикемии при артериальной гипертензии в популяции населения Нижегородского регионаThe problem of hyperuricemia in the hypertensive population of the Nizhny Novgorod regionhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7581-4138БоровковаН. Ю.BorovkovaN. Yu.

Боровкова Наталья Юрьевна — д.м.н., доцент, профессор кафедры госпитальной терапии и общей врачебной практики им. В.Г. Вогралика

Natalia Yu. Borovkova, MD, PhD, DSc, Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Therapy and General Medical Practice named after V. G. Vogralik

borovkov-nn@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3730-5831КурашинВ. К.KurashinV. K.

Курашин Владимир Константинович — аспирант кафедры госпитальной терапии и общей врачебной практики им. В.Г. Вогралика 

Vladimir K. Kurashin, MD, Post-Graduate Student, Department of Therapy and General Medical Practice named after V. G. Vogralik

kurashin-vk@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0640-6848ТокареваА. С.TokarevaA. S.

Токарева Анастасия Сергеевна — ассистент кафедры госпитальной терапии и общей врачебной практики им. В.Г. Вогралика 

Anastasia S. Tokareva, MD, Assistant, Department of Therapy and General Medical Practice named after V. G. Vogralik

toktokareva@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4486-3900КрисановаК. И.KrisanovaK. I.

Крисанова Кристина Игоревна — врач-кардиолог

Kristina I. Krisanova, MD, Cardiologist

suvorova2121@mail.ruСавицкаяН. Н.SavitskayaN. N.

Савицкая Наталья Николаевна — главный врач 

Natalia N. Savitskaya, MD, Chief Physician

savickaya.natalya.nn@mail.ruПершинаН. К.PershinaN. K.

Першина Надежда Константиновна — заместитель начальника отдела медицинской помощи взрослому населению, главный специалист-терапевт

Nadezhda K. Pershina, MD, Deputy Head, Department of Medical Care for Adults, Chief Specialist Therapist

official@zdrav.kreml.nnov.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4394-0687МакароваЕ. В.MakarovaE. V.

Макарова Екатерина Вадимовна — д.м.н., доцент, заведующая кафедрой пропедевтики внутренних болезней и гериатрии им. К.Г. Никулина 

Ekaterina V. Makarova, MD, PhD, DSc, Associate Professor, Head, Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases and Geriatrics named after K. G. Nikulin

e_makarova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3325-4405НекрасовА. А.NekrasovA. A.

Некрасов Алексей Анатольевич — д.м.н., доцент, заведующий кафедрой факультетской и поликлинической терапии 

Alexey A. Nekrasov, MD, PhD, DSc, Associate Professor, Head, Department of Faculty and Polyclinic Therapy

anekrassov@mail.ruДоютоваМ. В.DoyutovaM. V.

Доютова Марина Владиславовна — д.м.н., главный врач 

Marina V. Doyutova, MD, PhD, DSc, Chief Physician

polka50@rambler.ruЗеляеваН. В.ZelyaevaN. V.

Зеляева Наталия Васильевна — к.м.н., доцент кафедры факультетской и поликлинической терапии 

Natalia V. Zelyaeva, MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Faculty and Out-Patient Therapy

f.therapy@pimunn.ruМажараР. А.MazharaR. A.

Мажара Роман Александрович — студент 6 курса лечебного факультета

Roman A. Mazhara, 6th Year Student, Faculty of Medicine

amra99@mail.ruФедеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Приволжский исследовательский медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияPrivolzhsky Research Medical UniversityRussian FederationГосударственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения Нижегородской области «Центральная городская больница города Арзамаса»РоссияCentral City Hospital of ArzamasRussian FederationГосударственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения Нижегородской области «Нижегородский областной центр общественного здоровья и медицинской профилактики»РоссияNizhny Novgorod Regional Center for Public Health and Medical PreventionRussian FederationМинистерство здравоохранения Нижегородской областиРоссияMinistry of Health of the Nizhny Novgorod RegionRussian FederationГосударственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения Нижегородской области «Городская поликлиника № 50 Приокского района города Нижнего Новгорода»РоссияCity Out-Patient Clinic № 50 of Nizhny NovgorodRussian Federation2023160120232911423Copyright © Боровкова Н.Ю., Курашин В.К., Токарева А.С., Крисанова К.И., Савицкая Н.Н., Першина Н.К., Макарова Е.В., Некрасов А.А., Доютова М.В., Зеляева Н.В., Мажара Р.А., 20232023Боровкова Н.Ю., Курашин В.К., Токарева А.С., Крисанова К.И., Савицкая Н.Н., Першина Н.К., Макарова Е.В., Некрасов А.А., Доютова М.В., Зеляева Н.В., Мажара Р.А.Borovkova N.Y., Kurashin V.K., Tokareva A.S., Krisanova K.I., Savitskaya N.N., Pershina N.K., Makarova E.V., Nekrasov A.A., Doyutova M.V., Zelyaeva N.V., Mazhara R.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://htn.almazovcentre.ru/jour/article/view/2297

Цель исследования — оценить распространенность артериальной гипертензии (АГ) среди населения Нижегородского региона и ее связь с гиперурикемией (ГУ) и другими факторами кардиоваскулярного риска. Материалы и методы. Нами было обследовано 2501 человек в возрасте 35–74 лет среди населения Нижегородского региона, отобранных методом стратифицированной многоступенчатой случайной выборки. Всем респондентам проводилось лабораторное исследование следующих показателей: общий холестерин, липопротеины низкой плотности (ЛПНП), липопротеины высокой плотности, триглицериды (ТГ), глюкоза, креатинин, мочевая кислота, высокочувствительный С-реактивный белок (ВЧ-СРБ), фибриноген. Рассчитывались индекс массы тела (ИМТ), индекс висцерального ожирения по формуле Amato, скорость клубочковой фильтрации по формуле CKD-EPI. Для построения прогностической модели риска АГ использовался метод бинарной логистической регрессии. Статистическая обработка данных выполнялась с использованием пакета прикладных программ IBM SPSS Statistics 26 (США). Результаты. ГУ была выявлена у 29,3 % респондентов с АГ. Средний уровень мочевой кислоты в этой группе оказался равен 345,1 [285,6; 410,55] мкмоль/л и значительно отличался от аналогичного показателя у жителей без АГ — 297,5 [249,9; 351,1] мкмоль/л (p < 0,001). В модели множественной логистической регрессии наиболее значимыми факторами, ассоциированными с АГ, оказались возраст более 53 лет (отношение шансов (ОШ) 2,954, 95 % доверительный интервал (ДИ) 2,456–3,554 p < 0,001), абдоминальное ожирение (ОШ 2,112, 95 % ДИ 1,663–2,730, p < 0,001) и ГУ (ОШ 1,709, 95 % ДИ 1,341–2,177, p < 0,001). Меньший вклад вносили такие факторы, как ИМТ респондента более 25 кг/м2 (ОШ 1,634, 95 % ДИ 1,262–2,117, p < 0,001), повышенный уровень ТГ (ОШ 1,567, 95 % ДИ 1,289–1,906, p < 0,001), мужской пол (ОШ 1,553, 95 % ДИ 1,281–1,883, p < 0,001), повышенный уровень ВЧ-СРБ (ОШ 1,498, 95 % ДИ 1,242–1,806, p < 0,001), повышенный уровень ЛПНП (ОШ 1,277, 95 % ДИ 1,038–1,570, p = 0,020). Заключение. Результаты проведенного исследования свидетельствуют о широкой распространенности ГУ среди жителей Нижегородского региона с АГ: почти каждый третий (29,3 %) имел данное нарушение пуринового обмена. В модели множественной логистической регрессии ГУ оказалась признаком, обладавшим тесной корреляцией с АГ (ОШ 1,709, 95 % ДИ 1,341–2,177, p < 0,001), наравне с такими традиционными факторами сердечно-сосудистого риска, как мужской пол, возраст, избыточная масса тела и ожирение, нарушения липидного обмена. Высокая частота ГУ, ее независимая корреляция с АГ и перспективы уратснижающей терапии в профилактике сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний определяют необходимость дальнейших исследований в этом направлении.

Objective. To assess the prevalence of hypertension (HTN) in the population of the Nizhny Novgorod region and its relationship with hyperuricemia (HU) and other cardiovascular risk factors. Design and methods. We examined 2501 people aged 35–74 in the population of the Nizhny Novgorod region, selected by the stratified multi-stage random sample. All respondents underwent a laboratory study of the following parameters: total cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins (LDL), high-density lipoproteins, triglycerides (TG), fasting glucose, creatinine, uric acid, highly sensitive C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP) and fibrinogen. We also calculated body mass index (BMI), visceral obesity index with Amato formula and glomerular filtration rate with CKD-EPI formula. Binary logistic regression method was used to construct a predictive model for the risk of HTN. Statistical analysis was performed with IBM SPSS Statistics 26 software (USA). Results. HU was identified in 29,3 % of respondents with HTN. The mean uric acid level in this group was 345,1 [285,6; 410,55] µmol/l and significantly differed from the same indicator in residents without HTN — 297,5 [249,9; 351,1] µmol/L (p < 0,001). In the multiple logistic regression model, the most significant factors associated with HTN were age over 53 years (odds ratio (OR) 2,954, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 2,456-3,554 p < 0,001), abdominal obesity (OR 2,112, 95 % CI 1,663-2,730, p < 0,001) and HU (OR 1,709, 95 % CI 1,341–2,177, p < 0,001). A lesser contribution was made by such factors as the respondents’ BMI over 25 kg/m2 (OR 1,634, 95 % CI 1,262–2,117, p < 0,001), elevated TG level (OR 1,567, 95 % CI 1,289–1,906, p < 0,001), male gender (OR 1,553, 95 % CI 1,281–1,883, p < 0,001), elevated Hs-CRP (OR 1,498, 95 % CI 1,242–1,806, p < 0,001), elevated LDL (OR 1,277, 95 % CI 1,038–1,570, p = 0,020). Conclusions. The results of the study indicate the widespread prevalence of HU in residents of the Nizhny Novgorod region with HTN: almost every third (29,3 %) had this disorder. In a multiple logistic regression model, HU was found to be highly correlated with HTN (OR 1,709, 95 % CI 1,341–2,177, p < 0,001), along with traditional cardiovascular risk factors such as male gender, age, overweight and obesity, lipid metabolism disorders. The high frequency of HU, its independent correlation with HTN, and the prospects for urate-lowering therapy in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases determine the need for further research.

артериальная гипертензиягиперурикемиясердечно-сосудистые заболеванияфакторы риска.hypertensionhyperuricemiacardiovascular diseasesrisk factorsReferencesGBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet. 2015;385(9963):117–171. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet. 2015;385(9963):117–171. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2Chow CK, Teo KK, Rangarajan S, Islam S, Gupta R, Avezum A et al. Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in rural and urban communities in high-, middle-, and low-income countries. J Am Med Assoc. 2013;310(9):959–68. doi:10.1001/jama.2013.184182Chow CK, Teo KK, Rangarajan S, Islam S, Gupta R, Avezum A et al. Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in rural and urban communities in high-, middle-, and low-income countries. J Am Med Assoc. 2013;310(9):959–68. doi:10.1001/jama.2013.184182Falaschetti E, Mindell J, Knott C, Poulter N. Hypertension management in England: a serial cross-sectional study from 1994 to 2011. Lancet. 2014;383(9932):1912–1919. Doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60688-7Falaschetti E, Mindell J, Knott C, Poulter N. Hypertension management in England: a serial cross-sectional study from 1994 to 2011. Lancet. 2014;383(9932):1912–1919. Doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60688-7Forouzanfar MH, Liu P, Roth GA, Ng M, Biryukov S, Marczak L et al. Global Burden of hypertension and systolic blood pressure of at least 110 to 115 mm Hg, 1990-2015. J Am Med Assoc. 2017;317(2):165–182. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.19043Forouzanfar MH, Liu P, Roth GA, Ng M, Biryukov S, Marczak L et al. Global Burden of hypertension and systolic blood pressure of at least 110 to 115 mm Hg, 1990-2015. J Am Med Assoc. 2017;317(2):165–182. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.19043Ettehad D, Emdin CA, Kiran A, Anderson SG, Callender T, Emberson J et al. Blood pressure lowering for prevention of cardiovascular disease and death: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet. 2016;387(10022):957-967. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(15)01225-8Ettehad D, Emdin CA, Kiran A, Anderson SG, Callender T, Emberson J et al. Blood pressure lowering for prevention of cardiovascular disease and death: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet. 2016;387(10022):957-967. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(15)01225-8Lewington S, Clarke R, Qizilbash N, Peto R, Collins R; Prospective Studies Collaboration. Age-specific relevance of usual blood pressure to vascular mortality: a meta-analysis of individual data for one million adults in 61 prospective studies. Lancet. 2002;360(9349):1903–1913. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(02)11911-8Lewington S, Clarke R, Qizilbash N, Peto R, Collins R; Prospective Studies Collaboration. Age-specific relevance of usual blood pressure to vascular mortality: a meta-analysis of individual data for one million adults in 61 prospective studies. Lancet. 2002;360(9349):1903–1913. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(02)11911-8Lip GYH, Coca A, Kahan T, Boriani G, Manolis AS, Olsen MH et al. Hypertension and cardiac arrhythmias: a consensus document from the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) and ESC Council on Hypertension, endorsed by the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS), Asia-Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS) and Sociedad Latinoamericana de Estimulación Cardíaca y Electrofisiología (SOLEACE). Europace. 2017;19(6):891–911. doi:10.1093/europace/eux091Lip GYH, Coca A, Kahan T, Boriani G, Manolis AS, Olsen MH et al. Hypertension and cardiac arrhythmias: a consensus document from the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) and ESC Council on Hypertension, endorsed by the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS), Asia-Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS) and Sociedad Latinoamericana de Estimulación Cardíaca y Electrofisiología (SOLEACE). Europace. 2017;19(6):891–911. doi:10.1093/europace/eux091Chen TK, Knicely DH, Grams ME. Chronic kidney disease diagnosis and management: a review. J Am Med Assoc. 2019;322(13):1294–1304. doi:10.1001/jama.2019Chen TK, Knicely DH, Grams ME. Chronic kidney disease diagnosis and management: a review. J Am Med Assoc. 2019;322(13):1294–1304. doi:10.1001/jama.2019Gottesman RF, Albert MS, Alonso A, Coker LH, Coresh J, Davis SM et al. Associations between midlife vascular risk factors and 25-year incident dementia in the atherosclerosis risk in communities (ARIC) cohort. JAMA Neurol. 2017;74(10):1246–1254. doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2017.1658Gottesman RF, Albert MS, Alonso A, Coker LH, Coresh J, Davis SM et al. Associations between midlife vascular risk factors and 25-year incident dementia in the atherosclerosis risk in communities (ARIC) cohort. JAMA Neurol. 2017;74(10):1246–1254. doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2017.1658Falaschetti E, Mindell J, Knott C, Poulter N. Hypertension management in England: a serial cross-sectional study from 1994 to 2011. Lancet. 2014;383(9932):1912–1919. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60688-7Falaschetti E, Mindell J, Knott C, Poulter N. Hypertension management in England: a serial cross-sectional study from 1994 to 2011. Lancet. 2014;383(9932):1912–1919. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60688-7Kosugi T, Nakagawa T, Kamath D, Johnson RJ. Uric acid and hypertension: an age-related relationship? J Hum Hypertens. 2009;23(2):75–76. doi:10.1038/jhh.2008.110Kosugi T, Nakagawa T, Kamath D, Johnson RJ. Uric acid and hypertension: an age-related relationship? J Hum Hypertens. 2009;23(2):75–76. doi:10.1038/jhh.2008.110Feig DI, Kang DH, Johnson RJ. Uric acid and cardiovascular risk. N Engl J Med. 2008;359(17):1811–1821. doi:10.1056/NEJMra0800885Feig DI, Kang DH, Johnson RJ. Uric acid and cardiovascular risk. N Engl J Med. 2008;359(17):1811–1821. doi:10.1056/NEJMra0800885Gaubert M, Bardin T, Cohen-Solal A, Diévart F, Fauvel JP, Guieu R et al. Hyperuricemia and hypertension, coronary artery disease, kidney disease: from concept to practice. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21(11):4066. doi:10.3390/ijms21114066Gaubert M, Bardin T, Cohen-Solal A, Diévart F, Fauvel JP, Guieu R et al. Hyperuricemia and hypertension, coronary artery disease, kidney disease: from concept to practice. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21(11):4066. doi:10.3390/ijms21114066Johnson RJ, Bakris GL, Borghi C, Chonchol MB, Feldman D, Lanaspa MA et al. Hyperuricemia, acute and chronic kidney disease, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease: report of a scientific workshop organized by the national kidney foundation. Am J Kidney Dis. 2018;71(6):851–865. doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2017.12.009Johnson RJ, Bakris GL, Borghi C, Chonchol MB, Feldman D, Lanaspa MA et al. Hyperuricemia, acute and chronic kidney disease, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease: report of a scientific workshop organized by the national kidney foundation. Am J Kidney Dis. 2018;71(6):851–865. doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2017.12.009Amato MC, Giordano C, Galia M, Criscimanna A, Vitabile S, Midiri M et al. Visceral Adiposity Index: a reliable indicator of visceral fat function associated with cardiometabolic risk. Diabetes Care. 2010;33(4):920–922. doi:10.2337/dc09-1825Amato MC, Giordano C, Galia M, Criscimanna A, Vitabile S, Midiri M et al. Visceral Adiposity Index: a reliable indicator of visceral fat function associated with cardiometabolic risk. Diabetes Care. 2010;33(4):920–922. doi:10.2337/dc09-1825Levey AS, Stevens LA, Schmid CH, Zhang YL, Castro AF, Feldman HI et al. CKD-EPI (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration). A new equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate. Ann Intern Med. 2009;150(9):604–612. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-150-9-200905050-00006Levey AS, Stevens LA, Schmid CH, Zhang YL, Castro AF, Feldman HI et al. CKD-EPI (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration). A new equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate. Ann Intern Med. 2009;150(9):604–612. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-150-9-200905050-00006Amato MC, Giordano C, Pitrone M, Galluzzo A. Cut-off points of the visceral adiposity index (VAI) identifying a visceral adipose dysfunction associated with cardiometabolic risk in a Caucasian Sicilian population. Lipids Health Dis. 2011;10:183. doi:10.1186/1476-511X-10-183Amato MC, Giordano C, Pitrone M, Galluzzo A. Cut-off points of the visceral adiposity index (VAI) identifying a visceral adipose dysfunction associated with cardiometabolic risk in a Caucasian Sicilian population. Lipids Health Dis. 2011;10:183. doi:10.1186/1476-511X-10-183Gadde KM, Martin CK, Berthoud HR, Heymsfield SB. Obesity: Pathophysiology and Management. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;71(1):69–84. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.11.011Gadde KM, Martin CK, Berthoud HR, Heymsfield SB. Obesity: Pathophysiology and Management. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;71(1):69–84. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.11.011Powell-Wiley TM, Poirier P, Burke LE, Després JP, Gordon-Larsen P, Lavie CJ et al. Obesity and cardiovascular disease: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2021;143(21):e984–e1010. doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000000973Powell-Wiley TM, Poirier P, Burke LE, Després JP, Gordon-Larsen P, Lavie CJ et al. Obesity and cardiovascular disease: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2021;143(21):e984–e1010. doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000000973Hamzeh B, Pasdar Y, Mirzaei N, Faramani RS, Najafi F, Shakiba E et al. Visceral adiposity index and atherogenic index of plasma as useful predictors of risk of cardiovascular diseases: evidence from a cohort study in Iran. Lipids Health Dis. 2021;20(1):82. doi:10.1186/s12944-021-01505-wHamzeh B, Pasdar Y, Mirzaei N, Faramani RS, Najafi F, Shakiba E et al. Visceral adiposity index and atherogenic index of plasma as useful predictors of risk of cardiovascular diseases: evidence from a cohort study in Iran. Lipids Health Dis. 2021;20(1):82. doi:10.1186/s12944-021-01505-wNeaton JD, Blackburn H, Jacobs D, Kuller L, Lee DJ, Sherwin R et al. Serum cholesterol level and mortality findings for men screened in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Research Group. Arch Intern Med. 1992;152(7):1490–500.Neaton JD, Blackburn H, Jacobs D, Kuller L, Lee DJ, Sherwin R et al. Serum cholesterol level and mortality findings for men screened in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Research Group. Arch Intern Med. 1992;152(7):1490–500.Chapman MJ, Ginsberg HN, Amarenco P, Andreotti F, Borén J, Catapano AL et al. Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients at high risk of cardiovascular disease: evidence and guidance for management. Eur Heart J. 2011;32(11):1345–1361. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehr112Chapman MJ, Ginsberg HN, Amarenco P, Andreotti F, Borén J, Catapano AL et al. Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients at high risk of cardiovascular disease: evidence and guidance for management. Eur Heart J. 2011;32(11):1345–1361. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehr112Кардиоваскулярная профилактика 2017. Российские национальные рекомендации. Российский кардиологический журнал. 2018;(6):7-122. doi:10.15829/1560-4071-2018-6-7-122Cardiovascular prevention 2017. National guidelines. Russ J Cardiol. 2018;(6):7–122. doi:10.15829/1560-4071-2018-6-7-122. In Russian.Badimon L, Peña E, Arderiu G, Padró T, Slevin M, Vilahur G et al. C-reactive protein in atherothrombosis and angiogenesis. Front Immunol. 2018;9:430. Doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.00430Badimon L, Peña E, Arderiu G, Padró T, Slevin M, Vilahur G et al. C-reactive protein in atherothrombosis and angiogenesis. Front Immunol. 2018;9:430. Doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.00430Zhang W, Speiser JL, Ye F, Tsai MY, Cainzos-Achirica M, Nasir K et al. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein modifies the cardiovascular risk of lipoprotein(a): multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2021;78(11):1083–1094. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2021.07.016Zhang W, Speiser JL, Ye F, Tsai MY, Cainzos-Achirica M, Nasir K et al. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein modifies the cardiovascular risk of lipoprotein(a): multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2021;78(11):1083–1094. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2021.07.016Баланова Ю. А., Шальнова С. А., Имаева А. Э., Капустина А. В., Муромцева Г. А., Евстифеева С. Е. и др. Распространенность артериальной гипертонии, охват лечением и его эффективность в Российской Федерации (данные наблюдательного исследования ЭССЕ-РФ-2). Рациональная фармакотерапия в кардиологии. 2019;15(4):450–466. doi:10.20996/1819-6446-2019-15-4-450-466Balanova YuA, Shalnova SA, Imaeva AE, Kapustina АV, Muromtseva GA, Evstifeeva SV et al. Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in Russian Federation (data of observational ESSERF-2 study). Rat Pharmacother Cardiol. 2019;15(4):450-466. doi:10.20996/1819-6446-2019-15-4-450-466. In Russian.NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC). Worldwide trends in blood pressure from 1975 to 2015: a pooled analysis of 1479 population-based measurement studies with 19·1 million participants. Lancet. 2017;389(10064):37–55. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31919-5NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC). Worldwide trends in blood pressure from 1975 to 2015: a pooled analysis of 1479 population-based measurement studies with 19·1 million participants. Lancet. 2017;389(10064):37–55. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31919-5Novella S, Pérez-Cremades D, Mompeón A, Hermenegildo C. Mechanisms underlying the influence of oestrogen on cardiovascular physiology in women. J Physiol. 2019;597(19):4873–4886. doi:10.1113/JP278063Novella S, Pérez-Cremades D, Mompeón A, Hermenegildo C. Mechanisms underlying the influence of oestrogen on cardiovascular physiology in women. J Physiol. 2019;597(19):4873–4886. doi:10.1113/JP278063Yu J, Yi Q, Chen G, Hou L, Liu Q, Xu Y et al. The visceral adiposity index and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in China: a national cohort analysis. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2022;38(3):e3507. doi:10.1002/dmrr.3507Yu J, Yi Q, Chen G, Hou L, Liu Q, Xu Y et al. The visceral adiposity index and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in China: a national cohort analysis. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2022;38(3):e3507. doi:10.1002/dmrr.3507Samson R, Ennezat PV, Le Jemtel TH, Oparil S. Cardiovascular disease risk reduction and body mass index. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2022;24(11):535–546. doi:10.1007/s11906-022-01213-5Samson R, Ennezat PV, Le Jemtel TH, Oparil S. Cardiovascular disease risk reduction and body mass index. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2022;24(11):535–546. doi:10.1007/s11906-022-01213-5Duran EK, Aday AW, Cook NR, Buring JE, Ridker PM, Pradhan AD. Triglyceride-rich lipoprotein cholesterol, small dense LDL cholesterol, and incident Cardiovascular Disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020;75(17):2122–2135. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2020.02.059Duran EK, Aday AW, Cook NR, Buring JE, Ridker PM, Pradhan AD. Triglyceride-rich lipoprotein cholesterol, small dense LDL cholesterol, and incident Cardiovascular Disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020;75(17):2122–2135. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2020.02.059Cheng JM, Oemrawsingh RM, Garcia-Garcia HM, Akkerhuis KM, Kardys I, de Boer SP et al. Relation of C-reactive protein to coronary plaque characteristics on grayscale, radiofrequency intravascular ultrasound, and cardiovascular outcome in patients with acute coronary syndrome or stable angina pectoris (from the ATHEROREMO-IVUS study). Am J Cardiol. 2014;114(10):1497–503. doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2014.08.013Cheng JM, Oemrawsingh RM, Garcia-Garcia HM, Akkerhuis KM, Kardys I, de Boer SP et al. Relation of C-reactive protein to coronary plaque characteristics on grayscale, radiofrequency intravascular ultrasound, and cardiovascular outcome in patients with acute coronary syndrome or stable angina pectoris (from the ATHEROREMO-IVUS study). Am J Cardiol. 2014;114(10):1497–503. doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2014.08.013Brand FN, McGee DL, Kannel WB, Stokes J, Castelli WP. Hyperuricemia as a risk factor of coronary heart disease: the Framingham Study. Am J Epidemiol. 1985;121(1):11–18. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113972Brand FN, McGee DL, Kannel WB, Stokes J, Castelli WP. Hyperuricemia as a risk factor of coronary heart disease: the Framingham Study. Am J Epidemiol. 1985;121(1):11–18. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113972Heinig M, Johnson RJ. Role of uric acid in hypertension, renal disease, and metabolic syndrome. Cleve Clin J Med. 2006;73(12):1059-64. doi: 10.3949/ccjm.73.12.1059Heinig M, Johnson RJ. Role of uric acid in hypertension, renal disease, and metabolic syndrome. Cleve Clin J Med. 2006;73(12):1059-64. doi: 10.3949/ccjm.73.12.1059Chu NF, Wang DJ, Liou SH, Shieh SM. Relationship between hyperuricemia and other cardiovascular disease risk factors among adult males in Taiwan. Eur J Epidemiol. 2000;16(1):13–17. doi:10.1023/a:1007654507054Chu NF, Wang DJ, Liou SH, Shieh SM. Relationship between hyperuricemia and other cardiovascular disease risk factors among adult males in Taiwan. Eur J Epidemiol. 2000;16(1):13–17. doi:10.1023/a:1007654507054Battelli MG, Polito L, Bolognesi A. Xanthine oxidoreductase in atherosclerosis pathogenesis: not only oxidative stress. Atherosclerosis. 2014;237(2):562–567. doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.10.006Battelli MG, Polito L, Bolognesi A. Xanthine oxidoreductase in atherosclerosis pathogenesis: not only oxidative stress. Atherosclerosis. 2014;237(2):562–567. doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.10.006Yu MA, Sánchez-Lozada LG, Johnson RJ, Kang DH. Oxidative stress with an activation of the renin-angiotensin system in human vascular endothelial cells as a novel mechanism of uric acid-induced endothelial dysfunction. J Hypertens. 2010;28(6):1234–1242.Yu MA, Sánchez-Lozada LG, Johnson RJ, Kang DH. Oxidative stress with an activation of the renin-angiotensin system in human vascular endothelial cells as a novel mechanism of uric acid-induced endothelial dysfunction. J Hypertens. 2010;28(6):1234–1242.Berry CE, Hare JM. Xanthine oxidoreductase and cardiovascular disease: molecular mechanisms and pathophysiological implications. J Physiol. 2004;555(Pt3):589–606. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2003.055913Berry CE, Hare JM. Xanthine oxidoreductase and cardiovascular disease: molecular mechanisms and pathophysiological implications. J Physiol. 2004;555(Pt3):589–606. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2003.055913Higgins P, Walters MR, Murray HM, McArthur K, McConnachie A, Lees KR et al. Allopurinol reduces brachial and central blood pressure, and carotid intima-media thickness progression after ischaemic stroke and transient ischaemic attack: a randomized controlled trial. Heart. 2014;100(14):1085–1092. doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2014-305683Higgins P, Walters MR, Murray HM, McArthur K, McConnachie A, Lees KR et al. Allopurinol reduces brachial and central blood pressure, and carotid intima-media thickness progression after ischaemic stroke and transient ischaemic attack: a randomized controlled trial. Heart. 2014;100(14):1085–1092. doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2014-305683Feig DI, Soletsky B, Johnson RJ. Effect of allopurinol on blood pressure of adolescents with newly diagnosed essential hypertension: a randomized trial. J Am Med Assoc. 2008;300(8):924–932. doi:10.1001/jama.300.8.924Feig DI, Soletsky B, Johnson RJ. Effect of allopurinol on blood pressure of adolescents with newly diagnosed essential hypertension: a randomized trial. J Am Med Assoc. 2008;300(8):924–932. doi:10.1001/jama.300.8.924Кобалава Ж. Д., Конради А. О., Недогода С. В., Шляхто Е. В., Арутюнов Г. П., Баранова Е. И. и др. Артериальная гипертензия у взрослых. Клинические рекомендации 2020. Российский кардиологический журнал. 2020;25(3):3786. doi:10.15829/1560-4071-2020-3-3786Kobalava ZD, Konradi AO, Nedogoda SV, Shlyakhto EV, Arutyunov GP, Baranova EI et al. Arterial hypertension in adults. Clinical guidelines 2020. Russ J Cardiol. 2020;25(3):3786. Doi:10.15829/1560-4071-2020-3-3786. In Russian.

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.