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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">arthyper</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Артериальная гипертензия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>"Arterial’naya Gipertenziya" ("Arterial Hypertension")</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1607-419X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-8524</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Antihypertensive League</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18705/1607-419X-2023-29-4-392-401</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">arthyper-2300</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Риск развития неблагоприятных сосудистых событий после каротидной эндартерэктомии: десятилетний катамнез</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Risk of adverse vascular events after carotid endarterectomy: a ten-year follow-up</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8896-5760</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бикбулатова</surname><given-names>Л. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bikbulatova</surname><given-names>L. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бикбулатова Лариса Флюровна — ассистент кафедры неврологии.</p><p>Уфа</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Larisa F. Bikbulatova - assistant, Department of Neurology, Bashkir State Medical University.</p><p>Ufa</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">larisaflurovna@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9876-9202</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лакман</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lakman</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лакман Ирина Александровна — кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры биомедицинской инженерии.</p><p>ул. З. Валиди, д. 32, Уфа, 450076</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina A. Lakman - Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ufa University of Science and Technology.</p><p>32 Z. Validi str., Ufa, 450076</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Lackmania@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1177-6424</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахмадеева</surname><given-names>Л. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akhmadeeva</surname><given-names>L. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ахмадеева Лейла Ринатовна — доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры неврологии.</p><p>Уфа</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leila R. Akhmadeeva - Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Department of Neurology of the Bashkir State Medical University.</p><p>Ufa</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">leila_ufa@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2386-6707</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Загидуллин</surname><given-names>Н. Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zagidullin</surname><given-names>N. Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Загидуллин Науфаль Шамилевич — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой пропедевтики внутренних болезней.</p><p>Уфа</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Naufal Sh. Zagidullin - Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head, Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases, Bashkir State Medical University.</p><p>Ufa</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">znaufal@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6716-4048</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Плечев</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Plechev</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Плечев Владимир Вячеславович — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой госпитальной хирургии.</p><p>Уфа</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir V. Plechev - Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head, Department of Hospital Surgery of the Bashkir State Medical University.</p><p>Ufa</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">angio02@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7715-302X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уразбахтина</surname><given-names>Ю. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Urazbakhtina</surname><given-names>Yu. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Уразбахтина Юлия Олеговна — кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры биомедицинской инженерии.</p><p>Уфа</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia O. Urazbakhtina - Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ufa University of Science and Technology.</p><p>Ufa</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">urjuol@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Башкирский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Bashkir State Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Уфимский университет науки и технологии»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Ufa University of Science and Technology<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>02</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>392</fpage><lpage>401</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бикбулатова Л.Ф., Лакман И.А., Ахмадеева Л.Р., Загидуллин Н.Ш., Плечев В.В., Уразбахтина Ю.О., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бикбулатова Л.Ф., Лакман И.А., Ахмадеева Л.Р., Загидуллин Н.Ш., Плечев В.В., Уразбахтина Ю.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bikbulatova L.F., Lakman I.A., Akhmadeeva L.R., Zagidullin N.S., Plechev V.V., Urazbakhtina Y.O.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://htn.almazovcentre.ru/jour/article/view/2300">https://htn.almazovcentre.ru/jour/article/view/2300</self-uri><abstract><p>Значительный атеросклеротический стеноз сонных артерий может спровоцировать ишемический инсульт и служит одним из факторов, учитываемых для определения показаний к каротидной эндартерэктомии (КЭЭ). Цель исследования — выявление факторов риска развития неблагоприятных сосудистых событий (НСС) после перенесенной КЭЭ в среднесрочные (5 и 7 лет) и долгосрочный (10 лет) периоды. Материалы и методы. 257 пациентам были проведены реконструктивные операции на сонных артериях с 2007 по 2010 год, в период 1–1,5 года после операции были оценены регулярность приема назначенных лекарственных препаратов, активность жизнедеятельности по индексу Бартел, шкале FIM, шкалам тревоги, депрессии и оценки психического статуса (MMSE), а также липидный профиль. Отслеживались долгосрочные конечные точки (смерть или острое нарушение мозгового кровообращения) в течение 5-10 лет после хирургического вмешательства. 129 пациентов выпали на разных этапах, 47 умерли за исследуемый период (из них 30 умерло от сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний), у 37 был инсульт. В качестве инструмента анализа выживаемости использовалась модель пропорциональных рисков Кокса. Результаты. Пожилой возраст (старше 60 лет) на момент операции увеличивает риск смерти и наступления НСС в период до 5, 7 и 10 лет после ее проведения в 1,106 (1,245) раза, в 1,137 (1,247) и 1,182 (1,182) раза соответственно; фактор курения увеличивает риск смерти в течение 5, 7 и 10 лет после ее проведения в 2,963, в 2,419 и в 2,44 раза соответственно; наличие диагностированной депрессии в соответствии со шкалой HADS (часть II) увеличивает риск смерти после проведения КЭЭ в период до 5 лет в 1,176 раза; возрастание коэффициента атерогенности на каждую единицу относительно среднего значения (3,0) приводит к росту риска смертельного исхода или наступления НСС в период 5 лет после проведенной операции в 1,915 (2,159) раза, в период 7 лет — в 1,966 (2,183) и в период 10 лет — в 1,991 (2,264) раза; каждый дополнительный балл индекса Бартел относительно среднего значения (95 баллов) снижал риск смерти или наступления НСС в 5-летний период на 7 (9,5) % по сравнению с базовым, в 7-и 10-летние периоды — на 4,5 (9) и 10 (10,5) % соответственно; уменьшение приверженности к лекарственной терапии увеличивает риск смертельного исхода в период до 7 лет — в 1,406 раза, до 10 лет — в 1,426 раза; отсутствие регулярного приема ацетилсалициловой кислоты увеличивает для пациента риск НСС в 5-летний период после проведения операции в 3,278 раза, в 7-летний период — в 2,892 раза, в 10-летний период — в 2,837 раза; каждый дополнительный балл по шкале MMSE от среднего значения (28 баллов) уменьшает риск смерти в период до 10 лет после КЭЭ по сравнению с базовым риском в 1,51 раза, женский пол увеличивает риск наступления НСС в период до 5, 7 и 10 лет в 4,762, в 3,952 и 3,484 раза соответственно. Заключение. Выделены факторы риска развития НСС после перенесенной КЭЭ при длительном наблюдении, которые могут быть использованы при составлении системы персонифицированных профилактических мероприятий.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Significant atherosclerotic stenosis of the carotid arteries can provoke ischemic stroke and is one of the factors considered when assessing eligibility for carotid endarterectomy (CEE). Objective. To identify risk factors for the development of adverse vascular events (AVE) after undergoing CEA in the medium-term (5 and 7 years) and long-term (10 years) follow-up. Design and methods. In total, 257 patients underwent reconstructive surgery on the carotid arteries in the period from 2007 to 2010, and at 1–1,5-year follow-up after the operation, we assessed the regularity of taking prescribed medications, vital activity according to the Barthel index, FIM scale, scales of anxiety, depression and mental status assessment (MMSE); and lipid profile. Long-term endpoints (death or acute cerebrovascular accident) were registered for 5-10 years after surgery. During follow-up, 129 patients dropped out at different stages of the study, 47 died during the study period (30 died from cardiovascular disease), 37 had a stroke. Cox’s proportional hazards model was used as a tool for survival analysis. Results. Older age (over 60 years) at the time of surgery increases the risk of death and the onset of AVE in the period up to 5, 7 and 10 years after surgery by 1,106 (1,245) times, 1,137 (1,247) and 1,182 (1,182) times, respectively; smoking increases the risk of death within 5, 7 and 10 years by 2,963, 2,419 and 2,44 times; the presence of diagnosed depression in accordance with the HADS scale (part II) increases the risk of death after CEE in the period up to 5 years by 1,176 times. An increase in the atherogenicity coefficient by each unit relative to the average value (3,0) leads to an increase in the risk of death or the onset of AVE in the period of 5 years after the operation by 1,915 (2,159) times, in the period of 7 years — by 1,966 (2,183), and in 10 years — by 1,991 (2,264) times. Each additional point of the Barthel index relative to the mean value (95 points) reduced the risk of death or the onset of AVE in a 5-year period by 7 (9,5) % compared to the baseline, in 7 and 10-year periods by 4,5 (9) and 10 (10,5) %, respectively. A decrease in adherence to drug therapy increases the risk of death in the period up to 7 years — by 1,406 times, in 10 years — by 1,426 times. The lack of regular intake of acetylsalicylic acid increases the risk of AVE in the 5-year period after the operation by 3,278 times, in 7 years — by 2,892 times, in 10 years — by 2,837 times; each additional point of the MMSE scale from the mean value (28 points) reduces the risk of death in the period up to 10 years after CEE compared with the baseline risk by 1,51 times, the female gender increases the risk of AVE in the period up to 5, 7 and 10 years by 4,762, 3,952 and 3,484 times, respectively. Conclusions. Risk factors for the development of AVE after long-term follow-up after CEE have been identified, which can be used for the personalized preventive measures.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>каротидная эндартерэктомия</kwd><kwd>неблагоприятные сосудистые события</kwd><kwd>анализ выживаемости</kwd><kwd>модель Кокса</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>carotid endarterectomy</kwd><kwd>adverse vascular events</kwd><kwd>survival analysis</kwd><kwd>Cox model</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Larson A, Nardi V, Brinjikji W, Benson J, Lanzino G, Savastano L. Endarterectomy for symptomatic non-stenotic carotids: a systematic review and descriptive analysis. Stroke Vasc Neurol. 2022;7(1):6–12. doi:10.1136/svn-2021-001122</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Larson A, Nardi V, Brinjikji W, Benson J, Lanzino G, Savastano L. 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