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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">arthyper</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Артериальная гипертензия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>"Arterial’naya Gipertenziya" ("Arterial Hypertension")</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1607-419X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-8524</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Antihypertensive League</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18705/1607-419X-2023-29-6-557-567</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">BLKSBN</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">arthyper-2340</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Артериальная гипертензия и COVID-19 — современное состояние вопроса и перспективы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hypertension and COVID-19 — current state and prospects</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2658-0181</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Долгалев</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dolgalev</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Долгалев Игорь Владимирович — доктор медицинских наук, заведующий кафедрой факультетской терапии с курсом клинической фармакологии</p><p>Московский тракт, д. 2, Томск, Россия, 634050</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor V. Dolgalev, MD, PhD, DSc, Head, the Intermediate Level Therapy Division with Clinical Pharmacology Course</p><p>2 Moskovsky trakt, Tomsk, 634050 Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivdolgalev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2667-4842</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самойлова</surname><given-names>Ю. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Samoilova</surname><given-names>Iu. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Самойлова Юлия Геннадьевна — доктор медицинских наук, заведующий кафедрой педиатрии с курсом эндокринологии</p><p>Московский тракт, д. 2, Томск, Россия, 634050</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Iuliia G. Samoilova, MD, PhD, DSc, Head, the Pediatrics Division with Endocrinology Course</p><p>2 Moskovsky trakt, Tomsk, 634050 Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">samoilova_y@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3225-596X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Максимова</surname><given-names>К. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maksimova</surname><given-names>K. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Максимова Кристина Юрьевна — ассистент кафедры общей врачебной практики и поликлинической терапии</p><p>Московский тракт, д. 2, Томск, Россия, 634050</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kristina Yu. Maksimova, MD, Assistant, the General Medical Practice and Outpatient Therapy Division</p><p>2 Moskovsky trakt, Tomsk, 634050 Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kristina_maximova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4140-9067</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванова</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanova</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иванова Алена Юрьевна — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры факультетской терапии с курсом клинической фармакологии</p><p>Московский тракт, д. 2, Томск, Россия, 634050</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alena Yu. Ivanova, MD, PhD, Associate Professor, the Intermediate Level Therapy Division with Clinical Pharmacology Course</p><p>2 Moskovsky trakt, Tomsk, 634050 Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a181288@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9966-6686</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Матвеева</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Matveeva</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Матвеева Мария Владимировна — доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры детских болезней с курсом эндокринологии</p><p>Московский тракт, д. 2, Томск, Россия, 634050</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mariia V. Matveeva, MD, PhD, DSc, Professor of the Pediatrics Division with Endocrinology Course</p><p>2 Moskovsky trakt, Tomsk, 634050 Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">matveeva.mariia@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4281-1157</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Старовойтова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Starovoytova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Старовойтова Елена Александровна — доктор медицинских наук, заведующая кафедрой общей врачебной практики и поликлинической терапии</p><p>Московский тракт, д. 2, Томск, Россия, 634050</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Starovoytova, MD, PhD, DSc, Head, the General Medical Practice and Outpatient Therapy Division</p><p>2 Moskovsky trakt, Tomsk, 634050 Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elena-starovoytova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9549-9614</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кириллова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirillova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кириллова Наталья Александровна — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры общей врачебной практики и поликлинической терапии</p><p>Московский тракт, д. 2, Томск, Россия, 634050</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia A. Kirillova, MD, PhD, DSc, Associate Professor, the General Medical Practice and Outpatient Therapy Division</p><p>2 Moskovsky trakt, Tomsk, 634050 Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kirillova.natalya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6655-3300</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федосенко</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedosenko</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Федосенко Сергей Вячеславович — доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры общей врачебной практики и поликлинической терапии</p><p>Московский тракт, д. 2, Томск, Россия, 634050</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey V. Fedosenko, MD, PhD, DSc, Professor of the General Medical Practice and Outpatient Therapy Division</p><p>2 Moskovsky trakt, Tomsk, 634050 Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s-fedosenko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Сибирский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Siberian State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>557</fpage><lpage>567</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Долгалев И.В., Самойлова Ю.Г., Максимова К.Ю., Иванова А.Ю., Матвеева М.В., Старовойтова Е.А., Кириллова Н.А., Федосенко С.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Долгалев И.В., Самойлова Ю.Г., Максимова К.Ю., Иванова А.Ю., Матвеева М.В., Старовойтова Е.А., Кириллова Н.А., Федосенко С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dolgalev I.V., Samoilova I.G., Maksimova K.Y., Ivanova A.Y., Matveeva M.V., Starovoytova E.A., Kirillova N.A., Fedosenko S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://htn.almazovcentre.ru/jour/article/view/2340">https://htn.almazovcentre.ru/jour/article/view/2340</self-uri><abstract><p>Новая коронавирусная болезнь (COVID-19), вызванная SARS-CoV-2, связана с высоким уровнем смертности и представляет серьезную проблему для здравоохранения всего мира. В публикациях первых месяцев пандемии COVID-19 авторы сообщали, что артериальная гипертензия (АГ) ассоциирована с более высокой восприимчивостью к инфекции SARS-CoV-2, тяжелым течением и увеличением смертности, связанной с COVID-19. Риск более тяжелых клинических проявлений COVID-19 выше у мужчин и резко увеличивается с возрастом. Однако при проведении многофакторных анализов с включением данных о возрасте, факторах риска (ФР) сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (ССЗ), сахарном диабете не подтверждено самостоятельного значения АГ в развитии и исходе COVID-19, при этом наиболее значимым оказался фактор возраста пациента. Авторы приходят к заключению о том, что АГ может не играть самостоятельной роли в заражении SARS-CoV-2 и течении COVID-19, а на формирование неблагоприятных исходов влияет пожилой возраст. Однако с возрастом связаны не только изменения организма, обусловленные механизмами старения, но также имеют значение накопившиеся хронические заболевания, их ФР, поражения органов-мишеней. Морфофункциональные изменения, вызванные длительным течением АГ, развитие ассоциированных клинических состояний могут повышать чувствительность сердечнососудистой системы к повреждающим эффектам SARS-CoV-2, а также способствовать формированию неблагоприятных исходов COVID-19. Дополнительный негативный вклад в течение COVID-19 и риск смерти вносят сахарный диабет, ожирение и другие метаболические расстройства, ассоциированные с АГ. Более тяжелому течению COVID-19 у пациентов с АГ, особенно пожилого возраста, могут способствовать общие для этих заболеваний механизмы клеточного и иммунного воспаления. Эндотелиальный монослой представляет собой важную зону сопряжения АГ и COVID-19. Повреждение эндотелия и эндотелиальная дисфункция при АГ и эндотелиит при COVID-19 могут усиливать друг друга, увеличивая вероятность кардиоваскулярных событий у больных COVID-19. Исследования показали, что важный патогенетический механизм АГ — активация ренин-ангиотензин-альдостероновой системы (РААС) — играет значимую роль в генезе COVID-19. Ангиотензинпревращающий фермент 2 служит ключевым рецептором для проникновения SARS-CoV-2 в клетки организма человека, обусловливая связь между COVID-19 и РААС. В связи с этим ожидалось, что ингибиторы ангиотензинпревращающего фермента (ИАПФ) и блокаторы рецепторов ангиотензина II (БРА), модулирующие РААС, могут увеличить риск заражения SARS-CoV-2 и ухудшить исходы при COVID-19. Однако в дальнейших экспериментальных и клинических исследованиях эти предположения не нашли подтверждения. Более того, в настоящее время международные экспертные сообщества настоятельно рекомендуют продолжение приема ИАПФ или БРА больным с АГ при COVID-19, так как они защищают от кардиоваскулярных осложнений и продлевают жизнь. Наблюдения показали, что перенесенный COVID-19 значительно повышает вероятность развития АГ, острого коронарного синдрома, нарушений ритма сердца, дисфункции правого желудочка, фиброза миокарда, сердечной недостаточности, а также увеличиваются риски смерти от ССЗ. Для оценки значимости перенесенного COVID-19 как ФР ССЗ и смертельных исходов необходимы дальнейшие клинические и долгосрочные проспективные исследования. COVID-19 доказывает критическую значимость исследований АГ для решения вопросов, важных для глобального здравоохранения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>New coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 is associated with a high mortality rate and is a major public health problem worldwide. In publications from the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic, the authors reported that hypertension (HTN) is associated with higher susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection, severe disease, and increased mortality associated with COVID-19. The risk of more severe clinical manifestations of COVID-19 is higher in men and increases dramatically with age. However, according to the results of multivariate analyses with the inclusion of data on age, risk factors (RF) of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), diabetes mellitus, the independent role of HTN in the development and outcome of COVID-19 was not confirmed, while age turned out to be the most significant factor. The authors made the conclusion that HTN may not play an independent role in SARS-CoV-2 infection and the course of COVID-19, and the formation of adverse outcomes is influenced by old age. However, age-related changes include accumulated chronic diseases, their RF, target organ damage etc. Morphofunctional changes caused by a long course of HTN, the development of associated clinical conditions can increase the susceptibility of the cardiovascular system to the damaging effects of SARS-CoV-2, as well as contribute to the formation of adverse outcomes of COVID-19. In addition, diabetes mellitus, obesity, and other metabolic disorders associated with HTN negatively contribute to the course of COVID-19 and the risk of mortality. A more severe course of COVID-19 in HTN patients, especially the elderly, may be facilitated by the mechanisms of cellular and immune inflammation common in these diseases. The endothelial monolayer plays an important role. Endothelial injury and endothelial dysfunction in HTN and endothelitis in COVID-19 may reinforce each other, increasing the likelihood of cardiovascular events in patients with COVID-19. An important pathogenetic mechanism of HTN — the renin-angiotensin- aldosterone system (RAAS) activation — plays a significant role in the genesis of COVID-19. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE) is a key receptor for SARS-CoV-2 entry into human cells, providing a link between COVID-19 and RAAS. In this regard, it was expected that ACE inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB), which modulate the RAAS, may increase the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and worsen outcomes in COVID-19. However, in further experimental and clinical studies, these assumptions were not confirmed. Moreover, currently international experts strongly recommend that ACE inhibitors or ARB be continued in HTN patients with COVID-19, as they protect against cardiovascular complications and improve prognosis. Observations have shown that COVID-19 significantly increases the likelihood of developing HTN, acute coronary syndrome, cardiac arrhythmias, right ventricular dysfunction, myocardial fibrosis, heart failure, and also increases the risk of death from CVD. Further clinical and long-term prospective studies are needed to evaluate the role of past COVID-19 as a RF for CVD and mortality.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>артериальная гипертензия</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>новая коронавирусная инфекция</kwd><kwd>фактор риска</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hypertension</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>new coronavirus infection</kwd><kwd>risk factor</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">WHO Coronavirus (COVID‑19) Dashboard. World Health Organisation. 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