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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">arthyper</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Артериальная гипертензия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>"Arterial’naya Gipertenziya" ("Arterial Hypertension")</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1607-419X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-8524</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Antihypertensive League</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18705/1607-419X-2024-2402</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">UARHLG</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">arthyper-2402</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EPIDEMIOLOGY STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Гендерные различия в профиле факторов риска у пожилого населения и их вклад в общую и сердечно-сосудистую смертность</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Gender differences in risk factor profile among elderly and its impact on total and cardiovascular mortality</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9332-0622</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Имаева</surname><given-names>А. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Imaeva</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Имаева Асия Эмвяровна — доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела эпидемиологии хронических неинфекционных заболеваний</p><p>Петроверигский пер., д. 10, стр. 3, Москва, 101990</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Asiia Е. Imaeva, MD, PhD, Leading Researcher, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Non-communicable Diseases</p><p>10, p. 3 Petroverigsky lane, Moscow, 101990</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">imayeva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2087-6483</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шальнова</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shalnova</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шальнова Светлана Анатольевна — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, руководитель отдела эпидемиологии хронических неинфекционных заболеваний </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>SvetlanaA. Shalnova, MD, PhD, Professor, Head, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Non-communicable Diseases</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">SShalnova@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8011-2798</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баланова</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Balanova</surname><given-names>Y. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Баланова Юлия Андреевна — доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела эпидемиологии хронических неинфекционных заболеваний</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>YuliaA.Balanova, MD, PhD, Leading Researcher, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Non-communicable Diseases</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">JBalanova@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9624-9374</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Капустина</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kapustina</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Капустина Анна Владимировна — старший научный сотрудник отдела эпидемиологии хронических неинфекционных заболеваний</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna V. Kapustina, Senior Researcher, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Non-communicable Diseases</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">AKapustina@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9844-3122</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куценко</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kutsenko</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Куценко Владимир Александрович — старший научный сотрудник лаборатории биостатистики отдела эпидемиологии хронических неинфекционных заболеваний</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir A. Kutsenko, Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">VKutsenko@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8058-1081</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Имаева</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Imaeva</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Имаева Наталья Александровна—кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры общественного здоровья и методики профессионального образования</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia A. Imaeva, Associate Professor, Department of Public Health and Methodology of Professional Education</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">imaevan@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2145-1284</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Назаров</surname><given-names>Б. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nazarov</surname><given-names>B. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Назаров Бадриддин Мухиддинович—кандидат медицинских наук, врач-методист</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Badriddin M. Nazarov, Methodologist</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.nazarov85@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2259-5423</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Школьников</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shkolnikov</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Школьников Владимир Михайлович—научный сотрудник лаборатории демографических данных</p><p>Росток</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir M. Shkolnikov, Guest Researcher, Laboratory of Demographic data</p><p>Rostock</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shkolnikov@demogr.mpg.de</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр терапии и профилактической медицины» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Centre for Therapy and Preventive Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения города Москвы «Городская поликлиника № 109 Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Municipal Polyclinic No. 109 of the Department of Healthcare of the City of Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт демографических исследований Макса Планка</institution><country>Германия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research</institution><country>Germany</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>02</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>32</fpage><lpage>45</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Имаева А.Э., Шальнова С.А., Баланова Ю.А., Капустина А.В., Куценко В.А., Имаева Н.А., Назаров Б.М., Школьников В.М., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Имаева А.Э., Шальнова С.А., Баланова Ю.А., Капустина А.В., Куценко В.А., Имаева Н.А., Назаров Б.М., Школьников В.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Imaeva A.E., Shalnova S.A., Balanova Y.A., Kapustina A.V., Kutsenko V.A., Imaeva N.A., Nazarov B.M., Shkolnikov V.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://htn.almazovcentre.ru/jour/article/view/2402">https://htn.almazovcentre.ru/jour/article/view/2402</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования — оценка гендерных различий в профиле большого перечня факторов риска (ФР) и биомаркеров у мужчин и женщин в возрасте 65 лет и старше, а также их ассоциации с сердечнососудистой смертностью и смертностью от всех причин. Материалы и методы. Настоящая работа являлась частью проспективного когортного исследования «Стресс, старение и здоровье». Выборка составила 1243 участника в возрасте 65 лет и старше. В анализ были включены 30 ФР, в том числе социальные, кардиометаболические, поведенческие, показатели физического и когнитивного функционирования (КФ), воспаления, нейроэндокринные биомаркеры, а также ишемическая болезнь сердца (ИБС), инфаркт миокарда, артериальная гипертензия и острое нарушение мозгового кровообращения (ОНМК). Средняя длительность наблюдения составила 12 лет, в течение которых 534 участника умерли от разных причин, из них 324 — от сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (ССЗ). Результаты. По результатам многофакторного анализа выявлено, что на смертность от всех причин и ССЗ мужчин 65 лет и старше влияли повышенная частота сердечных сокращений, курение, избыточное потребление алкоголя, повышенные уровни интерлейкина‑6 и лейкоцитов, сниженное КФ (для сердечно-сосудистой смертности), наличие ИБС и ОНМК в анамнезе. Для женщин 65 лет и старше прогностически неблагоприятными были повышенное артериальное давление и повышенный уровень высокочувствительного С-реактивного белка, нарушения КФ, сниженная мышечная сила, пониженный уровень дегидроэпиандростерона сульфата, отсутствие детей и наличие ОНМК в анамнезе. Заключение. В настоящем исследовании выявлены гендерные различия в выживаемости и профиле ФР в отношении как общей, так и сердечно-сосудистой смертности в популяции мужчин и женщин 65 лет и старше. Оказалось, что среди более 30 изучаемых ФР и перечня ССЗ на смертность мужчин 65 лет и старше влияли 8 показателей. В то же время для женщин прогностически неблагоприятными были 7 показателей.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective. To evaluate gender differences in the profile of a wide range of risk factors (RF) among men and women aged 65 years and older and its associations with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. Design and methods. The present study was the part of the Survey on Stress, Aging, and Health in Russia. The sample size was 1,243 participants aged 65 years and older. Thirty RF were included in the analysis, including social, cardiometabolic, behavioural, physical and cognitive functioning, inflammation, and neuroendocrine biomarkers, as well as coronary heart disease (CHD), myocardial infarction, arterial hypertension, and acute stroke. The mean follow-up was 12 years, during which 534 participants died from various causes, including 324 from cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Results. Multivariate analysis showe that elevated heart rate, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, elevated interleukin‑6, elevated leukocyte levels, reduced cognitive function (for CVD mortality), CHD and history of acute stroke contributed to allcause and CVD mortality among men 65 years and older. Elevated blood pressure and elevated high-sensitive C-reactive protein, impaired cognitive function, reduced muscle strength, reduced dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels, absence of children, and a history of acute stroke were associated with all-cause and CVD mortality among women 65 years and older. Conclusions. The present study identified gender difference in survival and RF profile for both total and CVD mortality in population of men and women aged 65 years and older. Aamong more than 30 RF and several CVD, 8 indicators were found to affect mortality in men and 7 RF affected mortality in women.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гендерные различия</kwd><kwd>пожилое население</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd><kwd>смертность от всех причин и ССЗ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>gender difference</kwd><kwd>elderly population</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd><kwd>all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Austad SN, Fischer KE. Sex Differences in Lifespan. Cell metabolism. 2016; 23(6): 1022–1033. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2016.05.019</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Austad SN, Fischer KE. Sex Differences in Lifespan. 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