<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">arthyper</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Артериальная гипертензия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>"Arterial’naya Gipertenziya" ("Arterial Hypertension")</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1607-419X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-8524</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Antihypertensive League</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18705/1607-419X-2026-2584</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">JYGHWU</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">arthyper-2584</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Площадь постинфарктного рубца, факторы воспаления и гемокоагуляции у крыс с дефицитом витамина D</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Postinfarction scar area, inflammation and hemostasis factors invitamin D-deficient rats</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5795-4006</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ионова</surname><given-names>Ж. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ionova</surname><given-names>Z. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ионова Жанна Игоревна — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры терапии факультетской с курсом эндокринологии и кардиологии с клиникой им. акад. Г.Ф. Ланга</p><p>ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6/8, Санкт-Петербург, 197022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zhanna I. Ionova, MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Faculty Department of Therapy with a Course of Endocrinology and Cardiology at the Clinic named after Academician G.F. Lang</p><p>St Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zhanna@ncmed.me</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5358-5968</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беркович</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Berkovich</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Беркович Ольга Александровна — доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры терапии факультетской с курсом эндокринологии и кардиологии с клиникой им. акад. Г.Ф. Ланга </p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga A. Berkovich, MD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Faculty Department of Therapy with a Course of Endocrinology and Cardiology at the Clinic named after Academician G.F. Lang</p><p>St Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oberkovich@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5349-2227</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беляева</surname><given-names>О. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belyaeva</surname><given-names>O. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Беляева Ольга Дмитриевна — доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры терапии факультетской с курсом эндокринологии и кардиологии с клиникой им. акад. Г.Ф. Ланга </p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga D. Belyaeva, MD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Faculty Department of Therapy with a Course of Endocrinology and Cardiology at the Clinic named after Academician G.F. Lang</p><p>St Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olgad.bel@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1002-9419</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шиленко</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shilenko</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шиленко Леонид Алексеевич — врач-ординатор</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leonid A. Shilenko, MD, Resident Physician</p><p>St Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shilenko.leo@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0114-5896</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карпов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karpov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Карпов Андрей Александрович — кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий НИЛ патологии малого круга кровообращения</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey A. Karpov, MD, PhD, Head, Research Laboratory of Pulmonary Circulation Pathology</p><p>St Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">A--karpoff@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2906-3841</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Буцких</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Butskikh</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Буцких Максим Геннадьевич — врач-ординатор</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maksim G. Butskikh, rMD, Resident Physician</p><p>St Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mbutskih@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0959-3741</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кио</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kio</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кио Владислав Витальевич, студент</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladislav V. Kio, Student</p><p>St Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vladislav_kio@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2505-5035</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чефу</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chefu</surname><given-names>S. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чефу Светлана Григорьевна — кандидат биологических наук, заведующая лабораторией экспериментальных исследований Центра лазерной медицины (НОИ биомедицины)</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana G. Chefu, PhD in Biology Sciences, Head, Laboratory of Experimental Research at the Center for Laser Medicine (Research and Innovation Institute of Biomedicine)</p><p>St Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chefusveta@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5192-5773</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ивкин</surname><given-names>Д. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivkin</surname><given-names>D. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ивкин Дмитрий Юрьевич — кандидат биологических наук, директор центра экспериментальной фармакологии </p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry Y. Ivkin, PhD in Biological Sciences, Director of the Center for Experimental Pharmacology</p><p>St Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivkin.mail@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6951-7599</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Власов</surname><given-names>Т. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vlasov</surname><given-names>T. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Власов Тимур Дмитриевич — доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры патологической физиологии</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Timur D. Vlasov, MD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Pathophysiology Department</p><p>St Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tvlasov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской&#13;
Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр им. В.А. Алмазова» Министерства здравоохранения&#13;
Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Almazov National Medical Research Centre</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт уха, горла, носа и речи» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint-Petersburg Research Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Санкт-Петербургский государственный химико-фармацевтический университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Chemical-Pharmaceutical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>32</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>355</fpage><lpage>367</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ионова Ж.И., Беркович О.А., Беляева О.Д., Шиленко Л.А., Карпов А.А., Буцких М.Г., Кио В.В., Чефу С.Г., Ивкин Д.Ю., Власов Т.Д., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ионова Ж.И., Беркович О.А., Беляева О.Д., Шиленко Л.А., Карпов А.А., Буцких М.Г., Кио В.В., Чефу С.Г., Ивкин Д.Ю., Власов Т.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ionova Z.I., Berkovich O.A., Belyaeva O.D., Shilenko L.A., Karpov A.A., Butskikh M.G., Kio V.V., Chefu S.G., Ivkin D.Y., Vlasov T.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://htn.almazovcentre.ru/jour/article/view/2584">https://htn.almazovcentre.ru/jour/article/view/2584</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность. Ишемическая болезнь сердца (ИБС) представляет собой многофакторную патологию, прогрессирование которой связано с развитием хронической сердечной недостаточности (ХСН) после перенесенного инфаркта миокарда (ИМ). Исследования последних лет показали, что дефицит витамина D является независимым фактором риска ИБС и тяжести ее течения. В связи с отсутствием единого представления о патогенетической роли дефицита витамина D является актуальным изучение связи дефицита витамина D с изменениями концентрации факторов воспаления, гемокоагуляции и морфологическими изменениями миокарда после перенесенного ИМ у крыс. Цель исследования — изучить уровень факторов воспаления, гемокоагуляции и морфологические показатели постинфарктного ремоделирования миокарда у крыс с дефицитом витамина D. Материалы и методы. Дефицит витамина D смоделирован у крыссамцов стока Wistar (n = 41) посредством их кормления в течение двух месяцев кормом «Дельта Фидс» с нулевым содержанием витамина D с последующим моделированием ИМ. Животные были разделены на 3 группы: 1-я — группа контроля, 2-я — крысы, не получавшие холекальциферол после ИМ, 3-я — крысы, получавшие холекальциферол после ИМ. Содержание 25(ОН)D, интерферона-гамма (ИФН-гамма), интерлейкина (ИЛ)-1, ИЛ-8, ИЛ-10, тканевого фактора (ТФ), гомоцистеина сыворотки крови определено иммуноферментным методом (ELISA). Экспрессия микроРНК определялась методом полимеразной цепной реакции (ПЦР) в реальном времени. При гистологическом исследовании определяли размер рубца и оценивали выраженность ремоделирования миокарда. Результаты. Уровень 25(ОН)D у крыс из группы 3 был выше, чем у животных, составивших группу 1 контроля и группу 2 (59,70 (50,50÷64,80) нмоль/л, 9,00 (8,12÷9,54) нмоль/л и 8,20 (7,60÷8,31) нмоль/л соответственно; р = 0,04). Уровни ИФН-гамма, ИЛ1 и ИЛ-8 в сыворотке крови были ниже в группе 3, чем в группе 2 (р &lt; 0,05). В группе 3 уровень ИЛ-10 в сыворотке крови был ниже, чем в группе контроля (р = 0,04). Содержание гомоцистеина в сыворотке крови было выше в группе 1 и в группе 2, чем в группе 3 (р &lt; 0,05). Добавление холекальциферола сопровождалось снижением уровня ТФ в сыворотке крови (р &lt; 0,05). Уровень экспрессии микроРНК-21, микроРНК-125а и микроРНК-125b был выше в группе 2, чем в группе 1 и в группе 3 (р &lt; 0,05). Площадь рубца в процентах от площади стенок левого желудочка (ЛЖ), толщина стенки ЛЖ в области рубца и межжелудочковой перегородки (МЖП), индексы гипертрофии и дилатации с учетом толщины стенок ЛЖ были выше в группе 2, чем в группе 3 (p &lt; 0,05). Выводы. Терапия холекальциферолом сопровождалась снижением уровней провоспалительных цитокинов, ТФ, гомоцистеина, микроРНК-125a, микроРНК-125b, микроРНК-21 и уменьшением размера повреждения миокарда.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background. Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a multifactorial pathology, and its progression is associated with the development of chronic heart failure (CHF) after a myocardial infarction (MI). Recent studies have shown that vitamin D deficiency is an independent risk factor for CHD and its severity. There is a lack of a unified understanding of the pathogenetic role of vitamin D deficiency. So it is relevant to study the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and changes in the concentration of inflammatory, hemostasis factors and morphological changes in the myocardium after a MI in rats. Objective. To study the level of inflammatory, hemostasis factors and morphological indicators of postinfarction myocardial remodeling in rats with vitamin D deficiency. Design and methods. Vitamin D deficiency was simulated in male Wistar rats (n = 41) by feeding them for two months with Delta Feeds with zero vitamin D content, followed by modeling of MI. The animals were divided into 3 groups: 1 — comparison group, 2 — rats that did not receive cholecalciferol after MI, 3 — rats that received cholecalciferol after MI. The content of 25(OH)D, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), interleukin (IL)-1, IL-8, IL-10, tissue factor (TF), and serum homocysteine was determined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). MicroRNA expression was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Via histological examination we determined the scar size and assessed the severity of myocardial remodeling. Results. The level of 25(OH)D in rats from group 3 was higher than in animals from comparison group 1 and group 2 (59,70 (50,50÷64,80) nmol/L, 9,00 (8,12÷9,54) nmol/L, and 8,20 (7,60÷8,31) nmol/L, respectively; p = 0,04). The serum levels of IFN-gamma, IL-1, and IL-8 were lower in group 3 than in group 2 (p &lt; 0.05). In group 3, the serum level of IL-10 was lower than in the comparison group (p = 0,04). The serum homocysteine content was higher in group 1 and group 2 than in group 3 (p &lt; 0,05). The addition of cholecalciferol was accompanied by a decrease in the serum TF level (p &lt; 0,05). The expression level of microRNA-21, microRNA-125a and microRNA-125b was higher in group 2 than in group 1 and group 3 (p &lt; 0,05). The scar area as a percentage of the left ventricle (LV) wall area, the LV wall thickness in the scar and interventricular septum (IVS) areas, and the hypertrophy and dilation indices, adjusted by the LV wall thickness, were higher in group 2 than in group 3 (p &lt; 0,05). Conclusions. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, TF, homocysteine, microRNA-125a, microRNA-125b, and microRNA-21 were lower, and the size of myocardial damage was smaller in rats treated with cholecalciferol.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дефицит витамина D</kwd><kwd>ишемическая болезнь сердца</kwd><kwd>инфаркт миокарда</kwd><kwd>хроническая сердечная недостаточность</kwd><kwd>воспаление</kwd><kwd>тромбоз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>vitamin D deficiency</kwd><kwd>coronary heart disease</kwd><kwd>myocardial infarction</kwd><kwd>chronic heart failure</kwd><kwd>inflammation</kwd><kwd>thrombosis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Knuuti J, Wijns W, Saraste A, Capodanno D, Barbato E, Funck-Brentano C, et al. ESC Scientific Document Group. 2019 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of chronic coronary syndromes. Eur Heart J. 2020;41(3):407–477. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehz425</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Knuuti J, Wijns W, Saraste A, Capodanno D, Barbato E, Funck-Brentano C, et al. ESC Scientific Document Group. 2019 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of chronic coronary syndromes. Eur Heart J. 2020;41(3):407–477. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehz425</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">De la Guía-Galipienso F, Martínez-Ferran M, Vallecillo N. Vitamin D and cardiovascular health. Clin Nutr. 2021;40(5)2946– 2957. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2020.12.025</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">De la Guía-Galipienso F, Martínez-Ferran M, Vallecillo N. Vitamin D and cardiovascular health. Clin Nutr. 2021;40(5)2946– 2957. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2020.12.025</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schmidt N, Brandsch C, Schutkowski A, Hirche F, Stangl GI. Dietary vitamin D inadequacy accelerates calcification and osteoblast-like cell formation in the vascular system of LDL receptor knockout and wild-type mice. J Nutr. 2014;44(5):638–646. https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.113.189118</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schmidt N, Brandsch C, Schutkowski A, Hirche F, Stangl GI. Dietary vitamin D inadequacy accelerates calcification and osteoblast-like cell formation in the vascular system of LDL receptor knockout and wild-type mice. J Nutr. 2014;44(5):638–646. https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.113.189118</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Altun H, Kurutaş EB, Şahin N, Güngör O, Fındıklı E. The levels of vitamin D, vitamin D receptor, homocysteine and complex B vitamin in children with autism spectrum disorders. Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci. 2018;16(4):383–390. https://doi.org/10.9758/cpn.2018.16.4.383</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Altun H, Kurutaş EB, Şahin N, Güngör O, Fındıklı E. The levels of vitamin D, vitamin D receptor, homocysteine and complex B vitamin in children with autism spectrum disorders. Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci. 2018;16(4):383–390. https://doi.org/10.9758/cpn.2018.16.4.383</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Verdoia M, Nardin M, Gioscia R, Saghir Afifeh AM, Viglione F, Negro F, et al. Association between vitamin D deficiency and serum homocysteine levels and its relationship with coronary artery disease. J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2021;52(2):523–531. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11239-021-02391-w</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Verdoia M, Nardin M, Gioscia R, Saghir Afifeh AM, Viglione F, Negro F, et al. Association between vitamin D deficiency and serum homocysteine levels and its relationship with coronary artery disease. J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2021;52(2):523–531. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11239-021-02391-w</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mao X, Xing X, Xu R, Gong Q, He Y, Li S, et al. Folic acid and vitamins D and B12 correlate with homocysteine in Chinese patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, or cardiovascular disease. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016;95(6):e2652. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000002652</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mao X, Xing X, Xu R, Gong Q, He Y, Li S, et al. Folic acid and vitamins D and B12 correlate with homocysteine in Chinese patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, or cardiovascular disease. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016;95(6):e2652. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000002652</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bosevski M, Zlatanovikj N, Petkoska D, Gjorgievski A, Lazarova E, Stojanovska L. Plasma homocysteine in patients with coronary and carotid artery disease: a case control study. Pril (Makedon Akad Nauk Umet Odd Med Nauki). 2020;41(1):15–22. https://doi.org/10.2478/prilozi-2020-0019</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bosevski M, Zlatanovikj N, Petkoska D, Gjorgievski A, Lazarova E, Stojanovska L. Plasma homocysteine in patients with coronary and carotid artery disease: a case control study. Pril (Makedon Akad Nauk Umet Odd Med Nauki). 2020;41(1):15–22. https://doi.org/10.2478/prilozi-2020-0019</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Verdoia M, Rolla R, Negro F, Tonon F, Pergolini P, Nardin M, et al. Homocysteine levels and platelet reactivity in coronary artery disease patients treated with ticagrelor. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2020;30(2):292–299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2019.09.018</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Verdoia M, Rolla R, Negro F, Tonon F, Pergolini P, Nardin M, et al. Homocysteine levels and platelet reactivity in coronary artery disease patients treated with ticagrelor. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2020;30(2):292–299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2019.09.018</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lisse TS, Adams JS, Hewison M. Vitamin D and microRNAs in bone. Crit Rev Eukaryot Gene Expr. 2013;23(3):195–214. https://doi.org/10.1615/critreveukaryotgeneexpr.2013007147</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lisse TS, Adams JS, Hewison M. Vitamin D and microRNAs in bone. Crit Rev Eukaryot Gene Expr. 2013;23(3):195–214. https://doi.org/10.1615/critreveukaryotgeneexpr.2013007147</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hii CS, Ferrante A. The non-genomic actions of vitamin D. Nutrients. 2016;8(3):135.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hii CS, Ferrante A. The non-genomic actions of vitamin D. Nutrients. 2016;8(3):135.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Карпов А. А., Ивкин Д.Ю., Драчева А.В., Питухина Н.Н., Успенская Ю.К., Ваулина Д.Д. и др. Моделирование постинфарктной сердечной недостаточности путем окклюзии левой коронарной артерии у крыс: техника и методы морфофункциональной оценки. Биомедицина. 2014;3:32–48.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Karpov AA, Ivkin DYu, Dracheva AV, Pitukhina NN, Uspenskaya YuK, Vaulina DD, et al. Modeling of postinfarction heart failure by occlusion of the left coronary artery in rats: techniques and methods of morphofunctional assessment. Biomedicine. 2014;3:32–48. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Эйвазова Ш.Д., Карпов А.А., Мухаметдинова Д.В., Ломакина А.М., Черепанов Д.Е., Ивкин Д.Ю. и др. Подходы к морфометрической оценке ремоделирования сердца после инфаркта миокарда. Трансляционная медицина. 2016;3(6):62–72. https://doi.org/10.18705/2311-4495-2016-3-6-62-72</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Eyvazova ShD, Karpov AA, Mukhametdinova DV, Lomakina AM, Cherepanov DE, Ivkin DY, et al. Approaches to morphometric assessment of cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction. Translational medicine. 2016;3(6):62–72. (In Russ.) https:// doi.org/10.18705/2311-4495-2016-3-6-62-72</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Adamczak DM. The role of toll-like receptors and vitamin D in cardiovascular diseases. Int J Mol Sci. 2017;18(11):2252. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18112252</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Adamczak DM. The role of toll-like receptors and vitamin D in cardiovascular diseases. Int J Mol Sci. 2017;18(11):2252. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18112252</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Беркович О.А., Ионова Ж.И., Ду Ц., Беляева О.Д., Баженова Е.А., Мирошникова В.В. и др. Уровень витамина D и варианты TaqI, BsmI и ApaI гена рецептора витамина D у больных ишемической болезнью сердца с дебютом заболевания в различном возрасте. Учёные записки Первого Санкт-Петербургского государственного медицинского университета имени академика И.П. Павлова. 2023;30(1):37–49. https://doi.org/10.24884/1607-4181-2023-30-1-37-49</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Berkovich OA, Ionova ZhI, Du Ts, Belyaeva OD, Bazhenova EA, Miroshnikova VV, et al. Vitamin D levels and TaqI, BsmI, and ApaI variants of the vitamin D receptor gene in patients with coronary artery disease with different age of onset. Scientific Notes of the First Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University. 2023;30(1):37–49. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.24884/1607-4181- 2023-30-1-37-49</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang H, Dhalla NS. The role of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Int J Mol Sci. 2024; 25(2):1082. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25021082</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang H, Dhalla NS. The role of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Int J Mol Sci. 2024; 25(2):1082. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25021082</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mokgalaboni K. Exploring the anti-inflammatory potential of vitamin D in cardiometabolic diseases. Metabol Open. 2025;25:100348. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metop.2025.100348</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mokgalaboni K. Exploring the anti-inflammatory potential of vitamin D in cardiometabolic diseases. Metabol Open. 2025;25:100348. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metop.2025.100348</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Коротаева А.А., Самойлова Е.В., Миндзаев Д.Р., Насонова С.Н., Жиров И.В., Терещенко С.Н. Провоспалительные цитокины при хронической сердечной недостаточности: состояние проблемы. Терапевтический архив. 2021;93(11):1389– 1394. https://doi.org/10.26442/00403660.2021.11.201170</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Korotaeva AA, Samoilova EV, Mindzaev DR, Nasonova SN, Zhirov IV, Tereshchenko SN. Pro-inflammatory cytokines in chronic heart failure: state of the problem. Terapevticheskii Arkhiv. 2021;93(11):1389–1394. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.26442/00403660.2021.11.201170</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Uguz B, Oztas S, Zengin I, Topal D, Tiryakioglu SK, Yilmaztepe MA, et al. Relationship between vitamin D deficiency and thrombus load in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2022;26(19):7015–7023. https://doi.org/10.26355/eurrev_202210_29885</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Uguz B, Oztas S, Zengin I, Topal D, Tiryakioglu SK, Yilmaztepe MA, et al. Relationship between vitamin D deficiency and thrombus load in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2022;26(19):7015–7023. https://doi.org/10.26355/eurrev_202210_29885</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ojaroodi AF, Jafarnezhad F, Eskandari Z, Keramat S, Stanek A. Recent updates and advances in the association between vitamin D deficiency and risk of thrombotic disease. Nutrients. 2024;17(1):90. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17010090</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ojaroodi AF, Jafarnezhad F, Eskandari Z, Keramat S, Stanek A. Recent updates and advances in the association between vitamin D deficiency and risk of thrombotic disease. Nutrients. 2024;17(1):90. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17010090</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Khattak S, Townend JN, Thomas MR. Impact of antiplatelet therapy on microvascular thrombosis during ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Front Mol Biosci. 2024;11:1287553. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2024.1287553</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khattak S, Townend JN, Thomas MR. Impact of antiplatelet therapy on microvascular thrombosis during ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Front Mol Biosci. 2024;11:1287553. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2024.1287553</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Amer M, Qayyum R. The relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and homocysteine in asymptomatic adults. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2014;99(2):633–638, https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2013-3262</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Amer M, Qayyum R. The relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and homocysteine in asymptomatic adults. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2014;99(2):633–638, https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2013-3262</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hisada Y, Sachetto ATA, Mackman N. Circulating tissue factor-positive extracellular vesicles and their association with thrombosis in different diseases. Immunol Rev. 2022;312(1):61–75. https://doi.org/10.1111/imr.13106</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hisada Y, Sachetto ATA, Mackman N. Circulating tissue factor-positive extracellular vesicles and their association with thrombosis in different diseases. Immunol Rev. 2022;312(1):61–75. https://doi.org/10.1111/imr.13106</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Topaloglu O, Arslan MS, Karakose M, Ucan B, Ginis Z, Cakir E, et al. Is there any association between thrombosis and tissue factor pathway inhibitor levels in patients with vitamin D deficiency? Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 2015;21:428–433. https://doi.org/10.1177/1076029613509477</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Topaloglu O, Arslan MS, Karakose M, Ucan B, Ginis Z, Cakir E, et al. Is there any association between thrombosis and tissue factor pathway inhibitor levels in patients with vitamin D deficiency? Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 2015;21:428–433. https://doi.org/10.1177/1076029613509477</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cimmino G, Morello A, Conte S, Pellegrino G, Marra L, Golino P, et al. Vitamin D inhibits tissue factor and CAMs expression in oxidized low-density lipoproteins-treated human endothelial cells by modulating NF-κB pathway. Eur J Pharmacol. 2020;885:173422. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173422</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cimmino G, Morello A, Conte S, Pellegrino G, Marra L, Golino P, et al. Vitamin D inhibits tissue factor and CAMs expression in oxidized low-density lipoproteins-treated human endothelial cells by modulating NF-κB pathway. Eur J Pharmacol. 2020;885:173422. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173422</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Martinez-Moreno JM, Herencia C, Montes de Oca A, Muñoz-Castañeda JR, Rodríguez-Ortiz ME, Díaz-Tocados JM, et al. Vitamin D modulates tissue factor and protease-activated receptor 2 expression in vascular smooth muscle cells. FASEB J. 2016;30(3):1367–1376. https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.15-272872</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Martinez-Moreno JM, Herencia C, Montes de Oca A, Muñoz-Castañeda JR, Rodríguez-Ortiz ME, Díaz-Tocados JM, et al. Vitamin D modulates tissue factor and protease-activated receptor 2 expression in vascular smooth muscle cells. FASEB J. 2016;30(3):1367–1376. https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.15-272872</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Holland A, Enrick M, Diaz A, Yin L. Is miR-21 A Therapeutic target in cardiovascular disease? Int J Drug Discov Pharm. 2023;2(1):26–36. https://doi.org/10.53941/ijddp.0201003</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Holland A, Enrick M, Diaz A, Yin L. Is miR-21 A Therapeutic target in cardiovascular disease? Int J Drug Discov Pharm. 2023;2(1):26–36. https://doi.org/10.53941/ijddp.0201003</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Marketou M, Kontaraki J, Zacharis E, Maragkoudakis S, Fragkiadakis K, Kampanieris E, et al. Peripheral blood MicroRNA-21 as a predictive biomarker for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in old hypertensives. Am J Hypertens. 2024;37(4):298–305. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajh/hpad109</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Marketou M, Kontaraki J, Zacharis E, Maragkoudakis S, Fragkiadakis K, Kampanieris E, et al. Peripheral blood MicroRNA-21 as a predictive biomarker for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in old hypertensives. Am J Hypertens. 2024;37(4):298–305. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajh/hpad109</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li W, Li Y, Jiang F, Liu H. Correlation between serum levels of microRNA-21 and inflammatory factors in patients with chronic heart failure. Medicine (Baltimore). 2022;101(38):e30596. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000030596</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li W, Li Y, Jiang F, Liu H. Correlation between serum levels of microRNA-21 and inflammatory factors in patients with chronic heart failure. Medicine (Baltimore). 2022;101(38):e30596. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000030596</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Алиева А. М., Теплов Н. В., Резник Е. В., Байкова И.Е., Ахмедова М.Ф., Бутенко А.В. и др. Современные представления о роли микроРНК-125 при сердечно-сосудистых заболеваниях: потенциальные биологические маркеры и терапевтические мишени. Российский медицинский журнал. 2023;29(4):311–324. https://doi.org/10.17816/medjrf112141</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aliyeva AM, Teplov NV, Reznik EV, Baykova IE, Akhmedova MF, Butenko AV, et al. Current understanding of the role of microRNA-125 in cardiovascular diseases: potential biological markers and therapeutic targets. Russian Medicine. 2023;29(4):311– 324. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.17816/medjrf112141</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kowara M, Paskal W, Gondek A, Główczyńska R, Opolski G, Włodarski P, Cudnoch-Jędrzejewska A. Increased serum microRNA 21 levels reflect cardiac necrosis rather than plaque vulnerability in patients with acute coronary syndrome: a pilot study. Kardiol Pol. 2019;77(11):1074–1077. https://doi.org/10.33963/KP.15003</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kowara M, Paskal W, Gondek A, Główczyńska R, Opolski G, Włodarski P, Cudnoch-Jędrzejewska A. Increased serum microRNA 21 levels reflect cardiac necrosis rather than plaque vulnerability in patients with acute coronary syndrome: a pilot study. Kardiol Pol. 2019;77(11):1074–1077. https://doi.org/10.33963/KP.15003</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
