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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">arthyper</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Артериальная гипертензия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>"Arterial’naya Gipertenziya" ("Arterial Hypertension")</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1607-419X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-8524</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Antihypertensive League</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18705/1607-419X-2026-2599</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">GIOWZG</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">arthyper-2599</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Факторы риска рецидива персистирующей и длительно персистирующей фибрилляции предсердий в течение 12 месяцев после планового восстановления синусового ритма</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Risk factors for recurrence of persistent and long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation within 12 months after scheduled restoration of sinus rhythm</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7888-4374</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Барашкова</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Barashkova</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Барашкова Елизавета Ивановна — аспирант кафедры терапии факультетской с курсом эндокринологии, кардиологии с клиникой им. акад. Г. Ф. Ланга</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Postgraduate, Department of Faculty Therapy</p><p>Saint Petersburg </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Lisafya22@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7293-1144</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ионин</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ionin</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ионин Валерий Александрович — доктор медицинских наук, доцент кафедры терапии факультетской с курсом эндокринологии, кардиологии с клиникой им. акад. Г. Ф. Ланга</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Faculty Therapy</p><p>Saint Petersburg </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ionin.v.a@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5991-0015</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калмансон</surname><given-names>Л. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalmanson</surname><given-names>L. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Калмансон Лев Михайлович — ассистент кафедры анестезиологии и реаниматологии, заведующий отделением реанимации и интенсивной терапии № 5 Научно-клинического центра анестезиологии и реаниматологии</p><p>Санкт- Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Assistant, Head of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care № 5</p><p>Saint Petersburg </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Lev.Kalmanson@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3834-8559</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Толстиков</surname><given-names>И. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tolstikov</surname><given-names>I. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Толстиков Илья Олегович — клинический ординатор кафедры терапии факультетской с курсом эндокринологии, кардиологии с клиникой им. акад. Г. Ф. Ланга</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Resident, Department of Faculty Therapy</p><p>Saint Petersburg </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">iotolstikov2121@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5007-6227</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пигалова</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pigalova</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пигалова Дарья Владимировна — студентка 5-го курса педиатрического факультета</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>5th year Student, Pediatric Faculty</p><p>Saint Petersburg </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dashapi03@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8788-0076</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баранова</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baranova</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Баранова Елена Ивановна — доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры терапии факультетской с курсом эндокринологии, кардиологии с клиникой им. акад. Г. Ф. Ланга</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, DSc, FESC, Professor, Department of Faculty Therapy</p><p>Saint Petersburg </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">baranova.grant2015@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И. П. Павлова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>32</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>204</fpage><lpage>217</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Барашкова Е.И., Ионин В.А., Калмансон Л.М., Толстиков И.О., Пигалова Д.В., Баранова Е.И., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Барашкова Е.И., Ионин В.А., Калмансон Л.М., Толстиков И.О., Пигалова Д.В., Баранова Е.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Barashkova E.I., Ionin V.A., Kalmanson L.M., Tolstikov I.O., Pigalova D.V., Baranova E.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://htn.almazovcentre.ru/jour/article/view/2599">https://htn.almazovcentre.ru/jour/article/view/2599</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования — определить факторы риска рецидива аритмии после плановой кардиоверсии у пациентов с персистирующей и длительно персистирующей формой фибрилляции предсердий (ФП) и оценить влияние циркулирующих в крови биомаркеров фиброза и воспаления на риск возобновления аритмии. Материалы и методы. В исследование включено 122 пациента с персистирующей и длительно персистирующей формами ФП, которым выполнялась электроимпульсная терапия (ЭИТ) (n = 61) или медикаментозная кардиоверсия препаратом кавутилид (n = 61). Исследуемые группы были сопоставимы в распределении по полу, возрасту и клиническим характеристикам. Проспективное наблюдение за больными осуществлялось в течение 12 месяцев после кардиоверсии. Результаты. Эффективность электрической и медикаментозной кардиоверсии препаратом кавутилид была сопоставима (53/61 (86,9 %) и 2/61 (85,2 %), р = 0,794). Частота рецидива ФП в течение 12 месяцев после кардиоверсии не зависела от метода восстановления синусового ритма и составила 31/53 (58,5 %) в группе ЭИТ и 26/52 (50,0 %) среди пациентов, которым выполнялась медикаментозная кардиоверсия (р = 0,383). Дальнейший анализ проводился в группах пациентов с рецидивом аритмии и сохраняющимся синусовым ритмом в течение 12 месяцев после кардиоверсии. Наиболее значимыми клиническими предикторами рецидива ФП являлись метаболический синдром и хроническая сердечная недостаточность. При анализе данных инструментальных и лабораторных исследований установлено, что у больных с возобновлением аритмии отмечались более выраженная дилатация предсердий, диастолическая дисфункция, большие значения толщины эпикардиальной жировой ткани (ЭЖТ) и более высокие концентрации в крови биомаркеров фиброза и воспаления. По данным многофакторного регрессионного анализа эхокардиографических показателей, наиболее значимыми предикторами рецидива являлись индекс объема левого предсердия (иОЛП) и толщина ЭЖТ. Увеличение иОЛП более 49,5 мл/м2 повышало риск рецидива ФП после кардиоверсии в 2,2 раза (относительный риск (ОР) — 2,215, 95-процентный доверительный интервал (ДИ) 1,396–3,517, р &lt; 0,001), а толщина ЭЖТ более 4,55 мм увеличивала риск возобновления аритмии в 2,4 раза (ОР — 2,420, 95 % ДИ 1,570–3,731, р &lt; 0,001). При анализе лабораторных показателей установлено, что концентрация ростового фактора дифференцировки 15 (GDF-15) в наибольшей степени ассоциирована с риском рецидива ФП в течение 12 месяцев после кардиоверсии (Бета — 0,001, отношение шансов — 1,001, 95 % ДИ 1,001–1,002, р &lt; 0,001). Концентрация в крови GDF-15 более 2432,6 пг/мл повышала риск возобновления аритмии в течение года в 2,6 раза (ОР — 2,593, 95 % ДИ 1,510–4,451, р &lt; 0,001). Заключение. Наиболее значимыми предикторами рецидива аритмии в течение 12 месяцев после выполнения кардиоверсии у пациентов с персистирующей и длительно персистирующей формами ФП являются метаболический синдром, хроническая сердечная недостаточность, иОЛП, толщина ЭЖТ и концентрация GDF-15 в сыворотке крови. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective. To determine the risk factors for arrhythmia recurrence after scheduled cardioversion in patients with persistent and long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) and to assess the impact of circulating biomarkers of fibrosis and inflammation on the risk of arrhythmia recurrence. Design and methods. The study included 122 patients with persistent and long-standing persistent AF who underwent either electrical cardioversion (n = 61) or pharmacologic cardioversion (cavutilide) (n = 61). The study groups were matched in terms of sex, age, and clinical characteristics. Prospective follow-up of patients was carried out for 12 months after cardioversion. Results. The efficacy of electrical cardioversion and pharmacologic cardioversion with cavutilide was comparable (53/61 (86,9 %) vs. 52/61 (85,2 %), p = 0,794). The frequency of AF recurrence within 12 months after cardioversion did not depend on the method of sinus rhythm restoration and was 31/53 (58,5 %) in the electrical cardioversion group and 26/52 (50,0 %) among patients who underwent pharmacologic cardioversion (p = 0,383). Further analysis was conducted in groups of patients with arrhythmia recurrence and those maintaining sinus rhythm for 12 months after cardioversion. The most significant clinical predictors of AF recurrence were metabolic syndrome and congestive heart failure. Analysis of instrumental and laboratory data established that patients with arrhythmia recurrence had more severe atrial dilation, diastolic dysfunction, larger values of epicardial fat thickness, and higher concentrations of blood biomarkers of fibrosis and inflammation. According to multivariate regression analysis of echocardiographic parameters, the most significant predictors of recurrence were the left atrial volume index (LAVI) and epicardial fat thickness. An increase in LAVI greater than 49,5 mL/m² increased the risk of AF recurrence after cardioversion by 2,2 times (relative risk (RR) — 2,215, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1,396–3,517, p &lt; 0,001), and an epicardial fat thickness greater than 4,55 mm increased the risk of arrhythmia recurrence by 2,4 times (RR — 2,420, 95 % CI 1,570–3,731, p &lt; 0,001). Analysis of laboratory parameters revealed that the concentration of growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) was most strongly associated with the risk of AF recurrence within 12 months after cardioversion (Beta — 0,001, odds ratio — 1,001, 95 % CI 1,001–1,002, p &lt; 0,001). A blood concentration of GDF-15 more than 2432,6 pg/ml increased the risk of arrhythmia recurrence within one year by 2,6 times (RR — 2,593, 95 % CI 1,510–4,451, p &lt; 0,001). Conclusion. The most significant predictors of arrhythmia recurrence within 12 months after cardioversion in patients with persistent and long-standing persistent AF are the following: metabolic syndrome, congestive heart failure, LAVI, epicardial fat thickness, and serum GDF-15 concentration.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фибрилляция предсердий</kwd><kwd>кардиоверсия</kwd><kwd>кавутилид</kwd><kwd>биомаркеры</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>atrial fibrillation</kwd><kwd>cardioversion</kwd><kwd>cavutilide</kwd><kwd>biomarkers</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Van Gelder IC, Rienstra M, Bunting KV, Casado-Arroyo R, Caso V, Crijns HJGM, et al. 2024 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS): developed by the task force for the management of atrial fibrillation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC), with the special contribution of the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) of the ESC. 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