<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">arthyper</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Артериальная гипертензия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>"Arterial’naya Gipertenziya" ("Arterial Hypertension")</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1607-419X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-8524</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Antihypertensive League</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18705/1607-419X-2018-24-4-406-415</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">arthyper-655</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние интенсивной терапии аторвастатином на сосудистую ригидность и липидный профиль у больных инфарктом миокарда с подъемом сегмента ST</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The effect of intensive therapy of atorvastatin on vascular rigidity and lipid profile in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Олейников</surname><given-names>В. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Oleynikov</surname><given-names>V. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой терапии Медицинского института ФГБОУ ВО ПГУ Минобрнауки России</p><p>ул. Лермонтова, д. 28, Пенза, Россия, 440026</p><p>Тел.: +7(8412)56–18–61</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Head, Department of Therapy</p><p>28 Lermontov street, Penza, 440026 RussiaPhone: +7(8412)56–18–61</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oleynikof@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мельникова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Melnikova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, старший преподаватель кафедры терапии Медицинского института ФГБОУ ВО ПГУ Минобрнауки России</p><p>ул. Лермонтова, д. 28, Пенза, Россия, 440026 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Senior Lecturer, Department of Therapy</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хромова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khromova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент кафедры терапии Медицинского института ФГБОУ ВО ПГУ Минобрнауки России</p><p>ул. Лермонтова, д. 28, Пенза, Россия, 440026</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Postgraduate Student, Department of Therapy</p><p>28 Lermontov street, Penza, 440026 Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Салямова</surname><given-names>Л. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Salyamova</surname><given-names>L. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры терапии Медицинского института ФГБОУ ВО ПГУ Минобрнауки России</p><p>ул. Лермонтова, д. 28, Пенза, Россия, 440026</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Therapy</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Квасова</surname><given-names>О. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kvasova</surname><given-names>O. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>старший преподаватель кафедры терапии Медицинского института ФГБОУ ВО ПГУ Минобрнауки России</p><p>ул. Лермонтова, д. 28, Пенза, Россия, 440026</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Senior Lecturer, Department of Therapy</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Пензенский государственный университет» Министерства образования и науки Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Penza State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Пензенский государственный университет» Министерства образования и науки Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Penza State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>09</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>406</fpage><lpage>415</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Олейников В.Э., Мельникова Е.А., Хромова А.А., Салямова Л.И., Квасова О.Г., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Олейников В.Э., Мельникова Е.А., Хромова А.А., Салямова Л.И., Квасова О.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Oleynikov V.E., Melnikova E.A., Khromova A.A., Salyamova L.I., Kvasova O.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://htn.almazovcentre.ru/jour/article/view/655">https://htn.almazovcentre.ru/jour/article/view/655</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования — оценить влияние 24-недельной терапии аторвастатином на липидный про-филь и структурно-функциональные свойства магистральных сосудов у больных инфарктом миокарда с подъемом сегмента ST (ИМпST) с однососудистым гемодинамически значимым стенозом коронарных артерий. Материалы и методы. В исследование включено 85 больных ИМпST в возрасте от 33 до 66 лет (51,9 ± 9,3 года), из них 75 мужчин (88 %) и 10 женщин (12 %). Критериями включения являлись: возраст от 30 до 70 лет, подтвержденный по электрокардиограмме ИМпST, повышение уровня тропонина I и креатинфосфокиназы-МВ (КФК-МВ) в диагностически значимом диапазоне, наличие по результатам коронароангиографии гемодинамически значимого сужения инфарктсвязанной артерии, стеноз других артерий не более 50 % (ствола левой коронарной артерии — не более 30 %). Больным проводили расширенное лабораторно-инструментальное обследование на момент включения в исследование (7–9-е сутки от начала заболевания) и через 24 недели терапии. Изучали параметры липидного обмена, а также структурно-функциональные свойства артерий при помощи ультразвукового исследования общих сонных артерий на ультразвуковом сканере MyLab 90 (Esaote, Италия). Методом аппланационной тонометрии с использованием прибора SphygmoCor (AtCorMedical, Австралия) проводили измерение параметров центрального давления. Результаты. По результатам биохимического анализа крови у больных группы сравнения через 24 недели лечения выявлено снижение общего холестерина на 26 %, липидов низкой плотности — на 40,5 % и высокой плотности — на 3 %. У пациентов, получающих аторвастатин в дозе 80 мг/сутки, получено снижение аналогичных показателей на 45 %, 55 % и 14 % соответственно. По данным анализа параметров локальной ригидности, в группе терапии меньшей дозой аторвастатина не выявлено динамики толщины комплекса интима-медиа (ТКИМ), но отмечено позитивное влияние на коэффициент поперечной растяжимости — DC, который увеличился на 25 % (р &lt; 0,05). Также в указанной когорте пациентов отмечен прирост locPsys, locPdia в среднем на 5,4 и 3,6 мм рт. ст. соответственно и индекса аугментации в 3,5 раза (р &lt; 0,05). Анализ ТКИМ сонных артерий в группе высокодозовой терапии аторвастатином продемонстрировал ее регресс через 24 недели на 11 % (р &lt; 0,05). Коэффициент поперечной податливости СC на фоне лечения увеличился на 11 % (р &lt; 0,05), индексы жесткости α и β снизились на 11 % и 13 % соответственно (р &lt; 0,05). Также выявлено уменьшение скорости распространения пульсовой волны, измеренной локально в сонных артериях, на 6 % (р &lt; 0,05). Давление (АР) и индекс (Aix) аугментации увеличились через 6 месяцев терапии в 3 раза (р &lt; 0,05). Заключение. В настоящем исследовании выявлен более значимый регресс параметров липидного профиля у пациентов, получавших максимальную суточную дозу препарата по сравнению с контрольной группой. Полученные в настоящем наблюдении результаты согласуются с данными Американской ассоциации кардиологов о том, что терапия высокими дозами статинов позволяет снизить уровень липидов низкой плотности более чем на 50 % от исходных значений. С помощью радиочастотного анализа ультразвукового сигнала (эхотрекинга) нами проанализированы параметры жесткости α и β, коэффициенты податливости и растяжимости, которые отражают ригидность сосудистой стенки независимо от уровня давления в артерии. При сравнении двух схем терапии аторвастатином выявлено более выраженное благоприятное влияние интенсивной терапии на жесткость сонных артерий.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective. To evaluate the effect of 24-week atorvastatin therapy on the lipid profile, structure and functions of the large arteries in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) with single-vessel hemodynamically significant stenosis of the coronary arteries. Design and methods. We enrolled 85 patients with STEMI aged 33 to 66 years (51,9 ± 9,3 years), 75 men (88 %), and 10 women (12 %). Inclusion criteria were: age from 30 years to 70 years, STEMI confirmed by electrocardiogram and increased troponin I and creatine kinase-MB, the presence of a significant stenosis of the infarct-related artery, stenosis of other arteries less than 50 %, and the stenosis of the trunk of the left coronary artery less than 30 %. Patients underwent laboratory (lipids) and instrumental examination at baseline (7–9 days from the symptoms onset) and 24 weeks after the therapy was started. We assessed carotid atherosclerosis by the ultrasound scanner MyLab 90 (“Esaote”, Italy). Central pressure parameters and arterial stiffness were evaluated using the applanation tonometry (SphygmoCor, “AtCorMedical”, Australia). Results. After 24 weeks of treatment patients from the control group demonstrated a decrease in total cholesterol by 26 %, low density lipoproteins — by 40,5 % and high density lipoproteins — by 3 %. Patients receiving atorvastatin 80 mg/day showed similar reduction of the parameters: by 45 %, 55 % and 14 %, respectively. Patients who took lower dose of atorvastatin showed no change in intima-media thickness (IMT), but there was a positive change of the coefficient of transverse extensibility — DC, which increased by 25 % (p &lt; 0,05). In the same cohort of patients, locPsys and locPdia increased by 5,4 and 3,6 mm Hg, respectively, and there was a 3,5-fold increase in the augmentation index (p &lt; 0,05). In the group of high-dose atorvastatin therapy carotid IMT decreased by 11 % after 24 weeks (p &lt; 0,05). The coefficient of transverse compliance (CC) increased by 11 % (p &lt; 0,05), the stiffness indices α and β significantly decreased by 11 % and 13 %, respectively (p &lt; 0,05). There was also a decrease in pulse wave velocity (PWV) measured locally in the carotid arteries by 6 % (p &lt; 0,05). We found a 3-fold increase in augmentation pressure (AP) and augmentation index (Aix) after 6 months of therapy (p &lt; 0,05). Conclusions. Patients who receive the maximum daily dose of atorvastatin develop a more significant improvement of lipid profile compared to the control group. Our results are consistent with the statement of the American Association of Cardiologists proving that high-dose statin therapy can reduce the level of low density lipids by more than 50 % compared to the baseline values. Using the radiofrequency analysis of the ultrasound signal (echotracking), we analyzed the stiffness parameters α and β, the compliance and distensibility coefficients, which reflect the vascular wall rigidity, regardless of the arterial pressure level. When comparing two schemes of atorvastatin therapy, intensive therapy showed a more evident favourable effect on carotid stiffness.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сосудистая ригидность</kwd><kwd>эхотрекинг</kwd><kwd>аппланационная тонометрия</kwd><kwd>радиочастотный анализ ультразвукового сигнала</kwd><kwd>аторвастатин</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>arterial stiffness</kwd><kwd>echotracking</kwd><kwd>applanation tonometry</kwd><kwd>radio-frequency analysis of ultrasonic signal</kwd><kwd>atorvastatin</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой помощи проектной части государственного задания в сфере научной деятельности Министерства образования и науки РФ «Новые технологии системного использования двухмерного отслеживания пятен у больных острым инфарктом миокарда на основе математического моделирования»  договор № 574, от 12.01.2017 г.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was supported by the State Task of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation “Novel technologies of the system of two-dimensional observation of the spots in acute myocardial infarction based on the mathematical modeling”, agreement № 574 dated 12.01.2017.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Roger V, Go A, Lloyd-Jones D, Benjamin EJ, Berry JD, Borden WB et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics-2012 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2012;125 (22):e1002.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Roger V, Go A, Lloyd-Jones D, Benjamin EJ, Berry JD, Borden WB et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics-2012 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2012;125 (22):e1002.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Grundy S, Kleeman J, Merz C, Brewer H, Clark L, Hunninghake D et al. Implications of recent clinical trials for the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines. Circulation. 2004;110(2):227–239.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grundy S, Kleeman J, Merz C, Brewer H, Clark L, Hunninghake D et al. Implications of recent clinical trials for the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines. Circulation. 2004;110(2):227–239.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Здравоохранение в России. Статистический сборник. Москва: Росстат, 2013. [Healthcare in Russia. Statistical Yearbook. Moscow: Rosstat; 2013. Russian In Russian].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Здравоохранение в России. Статистический сборник. Москва: Росстат, 2013. [Healthcare in Russia. Statistical Yearbook. Moscow: Rosstat; 2013. Russian In Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fox K, Dabbous O, Goldberg R, Pieper K, Eagle K, Van de Werf F al. Prediction of risk of death and myocardial infarction in the six months after presentation with acute coronary syndrome: prospective multinational observational study (GRACE). BMJ. 2006;333(7578):1091–99.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fox K, Dabbous O, Goldberg R, Pieper K, Eagle K, Van de Werf F al. Prediction of risk of death and myocardial infarction in the six months after presentation with acute coronary syndrome: prospective multinational observational study (GRACE). BMJ. 2006;333(7578):1091–99.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Марцевич С. Ю., Гинзбург М. Л., Кутишенко Н. П., Деев А. Д., Фокина А. В., Даниэльс Е. В. Люберецкое исследование по изучению смертности больных, перенесших острый инфаркт миокарда. Первые результаты исследования «ЛИС». Клиницист. 2011;1:24–27. [Martsevich SYu, Ginzburg ML, Kutishenko NP, Deyev AD, Fokina AV, Daniel’s YeV. Lyuberets study on mortality in acute myocardial infarction. First results of the LIS study. Klinitsist = The Physician. 2011;1:24–27. In Russian].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Марцевич С. Ю., Гинзбург М. Л., Кутишенко Н. П., Деев А. Д., Фокина А. В., Даниэльс Е. В. Люберецкое исследование по изучению смертности больных, перенесших острый инфаркт миокарда. Первые результаты исследования «ЛИС». Клиницист. 2011;1:24–27. [Martsevich SYu, Ginzburg ML, Kutishenko NP, Deyev AD, Fokina AV, Daniel’s YeV. Lyuberets study on mortality in acute myocardial infarction. First results of the LIS study. Klinitsist = The Physician. 2011;1:24–27. In Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ESC Guidelines for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation. Eur Heart J. 2012;33(20):2569–2619.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">ESC Guidelines for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation. Eur Heart J. 2012;33(20):2569–2619.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аронов Д. М., Бубнова М. Г. Плейотропные эффекты статинов на современном этапе их изучения (фокус на аторвастатин). Кардиосоматика. 2012;3:3–5. [Aronov DM, Bubnova MG. Pleiotropic effects of statins at the present stage of their study (focus on atorvastatin). CardioSomatika. 2012;3:3–5. In Russian].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Аронов Д. М., Бубнова М. Г. Плейотропные эффекты статинов на современном этапе их изучения (фокус на аторвастатин). Кардиосоматика. 2012;3:3–5. [Aronov DM, Bubnova MG. Pleiotropic effects of statins at the present stage of their study (focus on atorvastatin). CardioSomatika. 2012;3:3–5. In Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kearney P, Blackwell L, Collins R, Keech A, Simes J, Peto R et al. Cholesterol Treatment Trialists’ (CTT) Collaborators. Efficacy of cholesterol-lowering therapy in 18,686 people with diabetes in 14 randomised trials of statins: a metaanalysis. Lancet. 2008;371 (9607):117–125. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736 (08)60104-X</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kearney P, Blackwell L, Collins R, Keech A, Simes J, Peto R et al. Cholesterol Treatment Trialists’ (CTT) Collaborators. Efficacy of cholesterol-lowering therapy in 18,686 people with diabetes in 14 randomised trials of statins: a metaanalysis. Lancet. 2008;371 (9607):117–125. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736 (08)60104-X</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Karatzis E. The role of inflammatory agents in endothelial function and their contribution to atherosclerosis. Hellenic J Cardiol. 2005;46(3):232–39.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Karatzis E. The role of inflammatory agents in endothelial function and their contribution to atherosclerosis. Hellenic J Cardiol. 2005;46(3):232–39.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Morrissey RP, Diamond GA, Kaul S. Statins in acute coronary syndromes: do the guideline recommendations match the evidence? J Am Coll of Cardiol. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/07351097/54/152009;54(15):1425–1433.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Morrissey RP, Diamond GA, Kaul S. Statins in acute coronary syndromes: do the guideline recommendations match the evidence? J Am Coll of Cardiol. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/07351097/54/152009;54(15):1425–1433.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vale N, Nordmann A, Schwartz G, de Lemos J, Colivicchi F, den Hartog F et al. Statins for acute coronary syndrome. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2014;9: CD006870. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD006870.pub3</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vale N, Nordmann A, Schwartz G, de Lemos J, Colivicchi F, den Hartog F et al. Statins for acute coronary syndrome. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2014;9: CD006870. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD006870.pub3</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Laurent S. Aortic, carotid and femoral stiffness: how do they relate? Towards reference values. J Hypertens. 2008;26 (7):1305–1306. doi:10.1097/HJH.0b013e328306a73d</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Laurent S. Aortic, carotid and femoral stiffness: how do they relate? Towards reference values. J Hypertens. 2008;26 (7):1305–1306. doi:10.1097/HJH.0b013e328306a73d</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Laurent S, Cockcroft J, Van Bortel L, Boutouyrie P, Giannattasio C, Hayoz D. On behalf of the European Network for Non-invasive Investigation of Large Arteries. Expert consensus document on arterial stiffness: methodological issues and clinical applications. Eur Heart J. 2006;27:2588–2605. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehl254</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Laurent S, Cockcroft J, Van Bortel L, Boutouyrie P, Giannattasio C, Hayoz D. On behalf of the European Network for Non-invasive Investigation of Large Arteries. Expert consensus document on arterial stiffness: methodological issues and clinical applications. Eur Heart J. 2006;27:2588–2605. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehl254</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pauca AL, O’Rourke MF, Kon ND. Prospective evaluation of a method for estimating ascending aortic pressure from the radial artery pressure waveform. Hypertension. 2001;38(4):932–937.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pauca AL, O’Rourke MF, Kon ND. Prospective evaluation of a method for estimating ascending aortic pressure from the radial artery pressure waveform. Hypertension. 2001;38(4):932–937.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nissen S, for the REVERSAL Investigators. Comparison of intensive versus moderate lipid lowering on the progression of coronary atherosclerosis measured by intravascular ultrasound: a randomized controlled trial (abstract). J Am Med Assoc. 2004;291 (9):1071–80.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nissen S, for the REVERSAL Investigators. Comparison of intensive versus moderate lipid lowering on the progression of coronary atherosclerosis measured by intravascular ultrasound: a randomized controlled trial (abstract). J Am Med Assoc. 2004;291 (9):1071–80.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">2013 ACCF/AHA Guideline for the Management of STElevation Myocardial InfarctionJ Am Coll Cardiology. 2013;61 (4):78–140.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">2013 ACCF/AHA Guideline for the Management of STElevation Myocardial InfarctionJ Am Coll Cardiology. 2013;61 (4):78–140.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Athyros V, Moses E, Papageorgiou A, Symeonidis A, Pehlivanidis N, Bouloukos V et al. Effect of statins versus untreated dyslipidemia on serum uric acid levels in patients with coronary heart disease: a subgroup analysis of the greek atorvastatin and coronary-heart-disease evaluation (GREACE) study. AJKD. 2004;43(4):589–599.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Athyros V, Moses E, Papageorgiou A, Symeonidis A, Pehlivanidis N, Bouloukos V et al. Effect of statins versus untreated dyslipidemia on serum uric acid levels in patients with coronary heart disease: a subgroup analysis of the greek atorvastatin and coronary-heart-disease evaluation (GREACE) study. AJKD. 2004;43(4):589–599.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Затейщикова А. А., Сидоренко Б. А. Аторвастатин во вторичной профилактике для больных ишемической болезнью сердца. Кардиология. 2011;51(12):63–68. [Zateyshchikova AA, Sidorenko BA. Atorvastatin in secondary prevention for patients with ischemic heart disease. Kardiologiia. 2011;51(12):63–68. In Russian].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Затейщикова А. А., Сидоренко Б. А. Аторвастатин во вторичной профилактике для больных ишемической болезнью сердца. Кардиология. 2011;51(12):63–68. [Zateyshchikova AA, Sidorenko BA. Atorvastatin in secondary prevention for patients with ischemic heart disease. Kardiologiia. 2011;51(12):63–68. In Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schoenhagen P, Tuzcu ME, Apperson-Hansen C, Wang C, Wolski K, Lin S et al. Determinants of arterial wall remodeling during lipid-lowering therapy. Serial intravascular ultrasound observations from the reversal of atherosclerosis with aggressive lipid lowering therapy (REVERSAL) trial. Circulation. 2006;113 (24):2826–2834.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schoenhagen P, Tuzcu ME, Apperson-Hansen C, Wang C, Wolski K, Lin S et al. Determinants of arterial wall remodeling during lipid-lowering therapy. Serial intravascular ultrasound observations from the reversal of atherosclerosis with aggressive lipid lowering therapy (REVERSAL) trial. Circulation. 2006;113 (24):2826–2834.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Goldberg R, Mellies M, Sacks F, Moyé L, Howard B, Howard W et al. Cardiovascular events and their reduction with pravastatin in diabetic and glucoseintolerant myocardial infarction survivors with average cholesterol levels. Subgroup analyses in the Cholesterol and Recurrent Events (CARE) trial. Circulation. 1998;98(23):2513–9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Goldberg R, Mellies M, Sacks F, Moyé L, Howard B, Howard W et al. Cardiovascular events and their reduction with pravastatin in diabetic and glucoseintolerant myocardial infarction survivors with average cholesterol levels. Subgroup analyses in the Cholesterol and Recurrent Events (CARE) trial. Circulation. 1998;98(23):2513–9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Touboul P, Hennerici M, Meairs S, Adams H, Amarenco P, Bornstein N et al. Mannheim carotid intima-media thickness consensus (2004–2006). Cerebrovasc Dis. 2007;23(1):75–80.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Touboul P, Hennerici M, Meairs S, Adams H, Amarenco P, Bornstein N et al. Mannheim carotid intima-media thickness consensus (2004–2006). Cerebrovasc Dis. 2007;23(1):75–80.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McKenney J, Jones P, Adamczyk M, Cain V, Bryzinski B, Blasetto J et al. Comparison of the efficacy of rosuvastatin versus atorvastatin, simvastatin, and pravastatin in achieving lipid goals: results from the STELLAR trial. STELLAR Study Group. Curr Med Res Opin. 2003;19(8):565–581. doi:10.1185/030079903125002405</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McKenney J, Jones P, Adamczyk M, Cain V, Bryzinski B, Blasetto J et al. Comparison of the efficacy of rosuvastatin versus atorvastatin, simvastatin, and pravastatin in achieving lipid goals: results from the STELLAR trial. STELLAR Study Group. Curr Med Res Opin. 2003;19(8):565–581. doi:10.1185/030079903125002405</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schaefer E, McNamara J, Tayler T, Daly J, Gleason J, Seman L et al. Comparisons of effects of statins (atorvastatin, fluvastatin, lovastatin, pravastatin, and simvastatin) on fasting and postprandial lipoproteins in patients with coronary heart disease versus control subjects. Am J Cardiol. 2004;93(1):31–39.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schaefer E, McNamara J, Tayler T, Daly J, Gleason J, Seman L et al. Comparisons of effects of statins (atorvastatin, fluvastatin, lovastatin, pravastatin, and simvastatin) on fasting and postprandial lipoproteins in patients with coronary heart disease versus control subjects. Am J Cardiol. 2004;93(1):31–39.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Okazaki S, Yokoyama T, Miyauchi K, Shimada K, Kurata T, Sato H et al. Early statin treatment in patients with acute coronary syndrome: demonstration of the beneficial effect on atherosclerotic lesions by serial volumetric intravascular ultrasound analysis during half a year after coronary event: the ESTABLISH Study. Circulation. 2004;110(9):1061–1068.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Okazaki S, Yokoyama T, Miyauchi K, Shimada K, Kurata T, Sato H et al. Early statin treatment in patients with acute coronary syndrome: demonstration of the beneficial effect on atherosclerotic lesions by serial volumetric intravascular ultrasound analysis during half a year after coronary event: the ESTABLISH Study. Circulation. 2004;110(9):1061–1068.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Smilde T, Wissen S, Wollersheim H, Trip M, Kastelein J, Stalenhoef A. Effect of aggressive versus conventional lipid lowering on atherosclerosis progression in familial hypercholesterolemia (ASAP): a prospective, randomised, double-blind trial. Lancet. 2001;357(9256):577–581.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Smilde T, Wissen S, Wollersheim H, Trip M, Kastelein J, Stalenhoef A. Effect of aggressive versus conventional lipid lowering on atherosclerosis progression in familial hypercholesterolemia (ASAP): a prospective, randomised, double-blind trial. Lancet. 2001;357(9256):577–581.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Taylor A, Kent S, Flaherty P, Coyle LC, Markwood TT, Vernalis MN. ARBITER: arterial biology for the investigation of the treatment effects of reducing cholesterol: a randomized trial comparing the effects of atorvastatin and pravastatin on carotid intima-medial thickness. Circulation. 2002;106(16):2055–2060.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Taylor A, Kent S, Flaherty P, Coyle LC, Markwood TT, Vernalis MN. ARBITER: arterial biology for the investigation of the treatment effects of reducing cholesterol: a randomized trial comparing the effects of atorvastatin and pravastatin on carotid intima-medial thickness. Circulation. 2002;106(16):2055–2060.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nissen S, Nicholls S, Sipahi I, Libby P, Raichlen J, Ballantyne C et al. Effect of very high-intensity statin therapy on regression of coronary atherosclerosis: the ASTEROID trial. J Am Med Assoc. 2006;295(13):1556–1565.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nissen S, Nicholls S, Sipahi I, Libby P, Raichlen J, Ballantyne C et al. Effect of very high-intensity statin therapy on regression of coronary atherosclerosis: the ASTEROID trial. J Am Med Assoc. 2006;295(13):1556–1565.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nissen S. For the REVERSAL Investigators. Comparison of intensive versus moderate lipid lowering on the progression of coronary atherosclerosis measured by intravascular ultrasound: a randomized controlled trial (abstract). Circulation. 2003;108 (21):2723. (Late-Breaking Clinical Trials Abstracts).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nissen S. For the REVERSAL Investigators. Comparison of intensive versus moderate lipid lowering on the progression of coronary atherosclerosis measured by intravascular ultrasound: a randomized controlled trial (abstract). Circulation. 2003;108 (21):2723. (Late-Breaking Clinical Trials Abstracts).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Олейников В. Э., Салямова Л. И., Бурко Н. В., Хромова А. А., Кривоногов Л. Ю., Мельникова Е. А. Исследование магистральных артерий на основе анализа радиочастотной составляющей ультразвукового сигнала. Медицинская техника. 2016;5:48–51. [Oleynikov VE, Salyamova LI, Burko NV, Khromova AA, Krivonogov LYu, Mel’nikova YeA. Study of the main arteries based on the analysis of the radio frequency component of the ultrasonic signal. Meditsinskaya Tekhnika = Medical equipment. 2016;5:48–51. In Russian].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Олейников В. Э., Салямова Л. И., Бурко Н. В., Хромова А. А., Кривоногов Л. Ю., Мельникова Е. А. Исследование магистральных артерий на основе анализа радиочастотной составляющей ультразвукового сигнала. Медицинская техника. 2016;5:48–51. [Oleynikov VE, Salyamova LI, Burko NV, Khromova AA, Krivonogov LYu, Mel’nikova YeA. Study of the main arteries based on the analysis of the radio frequency component of the ultrasonic signal. Meditsinskaya Tekhnika = Medical equipment. 2016;5:48–51. In Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lerman A, Zeiher A. Endotelial function: cardiac events. Circulation. 2005;111(3):363–368.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lerman A, Zeiher A. Endotelial function: cardiac events. Circulation. 2005;111(3):363–368.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Strey A. Janning A, Barth H, Gerke V. Endothelial Rho signaling is required for monocyte transendothelial migration. FEBS Lett. 2002;517(1–3):261–266.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Strey A. Janning A, Barth H, Gerke V. Endothelial Rho signaling is required for monocyte transendothelial migration. FEBS Lett. 2002;517(1–3):261–266.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vaughan C, Gotto A, Basson C. The evolving role of statins in the management of atherosclerosis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000;35(1):1–10.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vaughan C, Gotto A, Basson C. The evolving role of statins in the management of atherosclerosis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000;35(1):1–10.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Марков Х. М. Оксид азота и атеросклероз. Фармакотерапия атеросклероза и оксид азота. Кардиология. 2011;3 (51):86–91. [Markov KM. Nitric oxide and atherosclerosis. Pharmacotherapy of atherosclerosis and nitric oxide. Kardiologiia. 2011;3(51):86–91. In Russian].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Марков Х. М. Оксид азота и атеросклероз. Фармакотерапия атеросклероза и оксид азота. Кардиология. 2011;3 (51):86–91. [Markov KM. Nitric oxide and atherosclerosis. Pharmacotherapy of atherosclerosis and nitric oxide. Kardiologiia. 2011;3(51):86–91. In Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Charalambose V, Aznaouridis K, Stefanidis K. Prediction of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality with arterial stiffness. A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010;55(13):1318–1327.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Charalambose V, Aznaouridis K, Stefanidis K. Prediction of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality with arterial stiffness. A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010;55(13):1318–1327.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tomiyama H, Koij Y, Yambe M, Shiina K, Motobe K, Yamada J et al. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity is a simple and independent predictor of prognosis in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Circ J. 2005;69(7):815–822.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tomiyama H, Koij Y, Yambe M, Shiina K, Motobe K, Yamada J et al. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity is a simple and independent predictor of prognosis in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Circ J. 2005;69(7):815–822.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Национальные рекомендации по кардиоваскулярной профилактике. Кардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактика. Под ред. Р. Г. Оганова. 2011;6: прил. 2. [National guidelines for cardiovascular prevention. Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention. Ed. by R. G. Oganov. 2011;6: Suppl. 2. In Russian]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Национальные рекомендации по кардиоваскулярной профилактике. Кардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактика. Под ред. Р. Г. Оганова. 2011;6: прил. 2. [National guidelines for cardiovascular prevention. Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention. Ed. by R. G. Oganov. 2011;6: Suppl. 2. In Russian]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nishijima T, Nakayama Y, Tsumura K, Yamashita N, Yoshimaru K, Ueda H et al. Pulsatility of ascending aortic blood pressure waveform is associated with an increased risk of coronary heart isease. Am J Hypertens. 2001;14(5Pt1):469–473.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nishijima T, Nakayama Y, Tsumura K, Yamashita N, Yoshimaru K, Ueda H et al. Pulsatility of ascending aortic blood pressure waveform is associated with an increased risk of coronary heart isease. Am J Hypertens. 2001;14(5Pt1):469–473.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Safar ME, Blacher J, Pannier B, Guerin A, Marchais S, Guyonvarc'h P et al. Central pulse pressure and mortality in endstage renal disease. Hypertension. 2002;39(3):735–738.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Safar ME, Blacher J, Pannier B, Guerin A, Marchais S, Guyonvarc'h P et al. Central pulse pressure and mortality in endstage renal disease. Hypertension. 2002;39(3):735–738.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nurnberger J, Keflioglu-Scheiber A, Opazo Saez AM, Wenzel RR, Philipp T, Schäfers RF. Augmentation index is associated with cardiovascular risk. J Hypertens. 2002;20 (12):2407–2414.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nurnberger J, Keflioglu-Scheiber A, Opazo Saez AM, Wenzel RR, Philipp T, Schäfers RF. Augmentation index is associated with cardiovascular risk. J Hypertens. 2002;20 (12):2407–2414.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sever P, Dahlof В, Poulter N, Wedel H, Beevers G, Caulfield M et al. For the ASCOT Investigations. Prevention of coronary and stroke events with atorvastatin in hypertensive patients who have average or lower-than-ave-rage cholesterol concentrations, in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial-Lipid Lowering Arm (ASCOT-LLA): a multicentre randomized controlled trial. Lancet. 2003;361(9364):1149–1158.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sever P, Dahlof В, Poulter N, Wedel H, Beevers G, Caulfield M et al. For the ASCOT Investigations. Prevention of coronary and stroke events with atorvastatin in hypertensive patients who have average or lower-than-ave-rage cholesterol concentrations, in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial-Lipid Lowering Arm (ASCOT-LLA): a multicentre randomized controlled trial. Lancet. 2003;361(9364):1149–1158.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
