arthyperАртериальная гипертензия"Arterial’naya Gipertenziya" ("Arterial Hypertension")1607-419X2411-8524Antihypertensive League10.18705/1607-419X-2017-23-4-303-312arthyper-661Research ArticleСТРАНИЦА СОМНОЛОГАSOMNOLOGIST’S PAGEСИНДРОМ ОБСТРУКТИВНОГО АПНОЭ ВО СНЕ У ПОДРОСТКОВ С ИЗБЫТОЧНОЙ МАССОЙ ТЕЛА И ОЖИРЕНИЕМ: ФОКУС НА КОГНИТИВНОЕ ФУНКЦИОНИРОВАНИЕOBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA SYNDROME IN OVERWEIGHT AND OBESE ADOLESCENTS: FOCUS ON COGNITIVE FUNCTIONINGЛисовскаяН. А.LisovskayaN. A.

Лисовская Нина Александровна, аспирант кафедры внутренних болезней ФГБУ «НМИЦ им. В. А. Алмазова» Минздрава России.

ул. Аккуратова, д. 2, Санкт-Петербург, Россия, 197341. 

Nina A. Lisovskaya, MD, Postgraduate Student, Sleep Medicine Group, Almazov National Medical Research Centre.

2 Аkkuratov str., St Petersburg, Russia, 197341. 

ninanikolskaja@gmail.comДубининаЕ. А.DubininaE. A.

Дубинина Елена Александровна, кандидат психологических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры клинической психологии и психологической помощи ФГБОУ ВО «РГПУ им. А. И. Герцена», научный сотрудник лаборатории клинической психологии и психодиагностики ФГБУ «СПбНИПНИ им. В. М. Бехтерева».

Санкт-Петербург.

Elena A. Dubinina, PhD in Psychological sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychological Assistance, Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Researcher, Laboratory of Clinical Psychology and Psychodiagnostics, Bekhterev Research Psychoneurological Institute.

St Petersburg.

АнтоноваТ. Д.AntonovaT. D.

Антонова Татьяна Дмитриевна, аспирант кафедры клинической психологии и психологической помощи ФГБОУ ВО «РГПУ им. А. И. Герцена».

Санкт-Петербург.

Tatiana D. Antonova, Postgraduate Student, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychological Assistance, Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia.

St Petersburg.

КоростовцеваЛ. С.KorostovtsevaL. S.

Коростовцева Людмила Сергеевна, кандидат медицинских наук, научный сотрудник рабочей группы по сомнологии научно-исследовательского отдела артериальных гипертензий ФГБУ «НМИЦ им. В. А. Алмазова» Минздрава России.

Санкт-Петербург.

Lyudmila S. Korostovtseva, MD, PhD, Researcher, Sleep Medicine Group, Almazov National Medical Research Centre.

St Petersburg.

СвиряевЮ. В.SviryaevYu. V.

Свиряев Юрий Владимирович, доктор медицинских наук, руководитель рабочей группы по сомнологии научноисследовательского отдела артериальных гипертензий ФГБУ «НМИЦ им. В. А. Алмазова» Минздрава России, руководитель сравнительной сомнологии и нейроэндокринологии ФГБУН «Институт эволюционной физиологии и биохимии им. И. М. Сеченова» РАН.

Санкт-Петербург.

Yurii V. Sviryaev, MD, PhD, DSc, Head, Somnology Group, Research Department for Hypertension, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Head, Laboratory of Comparative Somnology and Neuroendocrinology, Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry Russian Academy of Science.

St Petersburg.

АлёхинА. Н.ObraztsovaG. I.

Алёхин Анатолий Николаевич, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой клинической психологии и психологической помощи ФГБОУ ВО «РГПУ им. А. И. Герцена».

Санкт-Петербург.

Galina I. Obraztsova, MD, PhD, DSc, Senior Researcher, Research Laboratory of Diagnostics and Treatment of Pediatric Diseases, Pediatrician, Institute of Perinatology and Pediatrics, Almazov National Medical Research Centre.

St Petersburg.

ОбразцоваГ. И.AlekhinA. N.

Образцова Галина Игоревна, доктор медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник НИЛ диагностики и лечения патологии детского возраста ФГБУ «НМИЦ им. В. А. Алмазова» Минздрава России.

Санкт-Петербург.

Anatoly N. Alekhin, MD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Head, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychological Assistance, Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia.

ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский  исследовательский центр имени В. А. Алмазова»  Минздрава России.РоссияAlmazov National Medical Research CentreRussian FederationФГБОУ ВО «Российский государственный  педагогический университет им. А. И. Герцена»; ФГБУ «Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский  психоневрологический институт им. В. М. Бехтерева».РоссияHerzen State Pedagogical University of Russia;  Bekhterev Psychoneurological Research Institute.Russian Federation ФГБОУ ВО «Российский государственный  педагогический университет им. А. И. Герцена».РоссияHerzen State Pedagogical University of Russia.Russian FederationФГБУ «Национальный медицинский  исследовательский центр имени В. А. Алмазова»  Минздрава России.РоссияAlmazov National Medical Research Centre.Russian FederationФГБУ «Национальный медицинский  исследовательский центр имени В. А. Алмазова»  Минздрава России; ФГБУН «Институт эволюционной физиологии и биохимии  им. И. М. Сеченова» РАН.РоссияAlmazov National Medical Research Centre; Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology  and Biochemistry Russian Academy of Science.Russian FederationФГБОУ ВО «Российский государственный  педагогический университет им. А. И. Герцена».РоссияAlmazov National Medical Research Centre.Russian FederationФГБУ «Национальный медицинский  исследовательский центр имени В. А. Алмазова»  .Россия Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia.Russian Federation201728092017234303312Copyright © Лисовская Н.А., Дубинина Е.А., Антонова Т.Д., Коростовцева Л.С., Свиряев Ю.В., Алёхин А.Н., Образцова Г.И., 20172017Лисовская Н.А., Дубинина Е.А., Антонова Т.Д., Коростовцева Л.С., Свиряев Ю.В., Алёхин А.Н., Образцова Г.И.Lisovskaya N.A., Dubinina E.A., Antonova T.D., Korostovtseva L.S., Sviryaev Y.V., Obraztsova G.I., Alekhin A.N.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://htn.almazovcentre.ru/jour/article/view/661

Актуальность. Наличие избыточной массы тела и ожирения у детей сопряжено с широким спектром коморбидной патологии. Роль избытка массы тела в формировании сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (ССЗ) не вызывает сомнений, однако данные о влиянии избытка массы тела на нейрокогнитивное функционирование неоднозначны. При анализе патогенетических механизмов нейрокогнитивных нарушений у детей с избыточной массой тела в качестве опосредующего звена можно предположить наличие нарушений дыхания во сне обструктивного характера. цель исследования — определить взаимосвязь синдрома обструктивного апноэ во время сна (СОАС) и когнитивных функций у детей с избыточной массой тела и ожирением. Методы. Было обследовано 39 подростков (из них 26 мальчиков) в возрасте от 12 до 18 лет с избыточной массой тела (17 чел.) и ожирением (22 чел.). Оценивались антропометрические характеристики, нейрокогнитивные функции, респираторный статус с помощью кардиореспираторного мониторирования и основные показатели углеводного и липидного обмена. Также оценивался уровень С-реактивного белка (СРБ) как значимого маркера риска ССЗ. результаты. В исследуемой группе более чем у половины пациентов были зарегистрированы нарушения дыхания во сне обструктивного характера. Дети с СОАС имеют склонность к более высоким уровням сывороточного холестерина, триглицеридов, глюкозы. Отклонения основных респираторных показателей у подростков были связаны со снижением объема кратковременной слухоречевой памяти и темпа мыслительных процессов, при этом различия по нейрокогнитивным показателям между подростками с СОАС и без нарушений дыхания во сне были более выражены в младшей возрастной группе (12–14 лет). выводы. Таким образом, в исследовании показано, что обструктивные нарушения дыхния во сне у детей с избыточной массой тела и ожирением ассоциированы с развитием некоторых нейрокогнитивных нарушений.

Background. Overweight and obesity in children are accompanied by a wide range of comorbidities. The role of overweight in the formation of cardiovascular diseases is unquestionable, however, the impact of overweight on cognitive functioning is less obvious. Obstructive sleep apnea is a potential factor which affects neurocognitive impairment in overweight children. objective. To assess the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA) and cognitive functions in obese and overweight adolescents. Methods. We examined 39 adolescents (26 boys) aged 12–18 years old. Among them 17 persons were overweight, and 22 children were obese. We assessed anthropometric parameters, cognitive functions, respiratory status (cardiorespiratory monitoring) and the main indices of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. C-reactive protein level as a cardiovascular risk marker was evaluated. Results. More than half patients were found to have sleep-disordered breathing. The adolescents with OSA had higher levels of serum cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose. Abnormalities in main respiratory indices correlated with decreased volume of short-term auditory memory and slower reasoning process. At the same time the difference in neurocognitive characteristics between adolescents with and without OSA was more prominent in the younger age group (12–14 years old). conclusions. Thus, our study has shown that obstructive sleep-disordered breathing in overweight/obese adolescents is a risk factor for some neurocognitive problems.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.