Hypertensive heart: from left ventricular hypertrophy to chronic heart failure
https://doi.org/10.18705/1607-419X-2023-29-2-138-149
Abstract
Objective. The purpose of this review is to highlight the pathophysiological mechanisms of the sequential formation of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), left ventricular dysfunction and chronic heart failure (CHF) in patients with hypertension (HTN), diagnostic and therapeutical issues of CHF with both reduced and preserved ejection fraction (EF). HTN is the main risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and is accompanied by damage of target organs, among which LVH is of particular importance. On the one hand, development of LVH is the consequence of increased load on the heart muscle and neurohumoral stimuli, and on the other hand, it is an independent risk factor for myocardial infarction, stroke, cardiac arrhythmias and CHF. HTN precedes newly developed heart failure in 91 % of patients with a predominance of CHF with a preserved EF according to the Framingham Heart Study. To date, different drugs can improve the prognosis of patients with HTN, CHF with reduced EF and to induce LVH regression. However, the issues of effective treatment of patients with CHF with preserved EF are still insufficiently studied.
About the Authors
A. A. Semenkin
Omsk State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Aleksandr A. Semenkin - MD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Professor of the Department of Internal Medicine and Family Medicine (Postgraduate Course), Omsk State Medical University.
12 Lenin str., Omsk, 644099
I. V. Druk
Omsk State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Inna V. Druk - MD, PhD, DSc, Associate Professor, Head, Department of Internal Medicine and Family Medicine (Postgraduate Course), Omsk State Medical University.
12 Lenin str., Omsk, 644099
V. V. Potapov
Omsk State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Viktor V. Potapov - MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Internal Medicine and Family Medicine (Postgraduate Course), Omsk State Medical University.
12 Lenin str., Omsk, 644099
V. S. Sapronenko
Omsk State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Vladimir S. Sapronenko - MD, First-Year Resident, Omsk State Medical University.
12 Lenin str., Omsk, 644099
A. V. Zakharova
Omsk State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Arina V. Zakharova - MD, First-Year Resident, Omsk State Medical University.
12 Lenin str., Omsk, 644099
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Semenkin A.A., Druk I.V., Potapov V.V., Sapronenko V.S., Zakharova A.V. Hypertensive heart: from left ventricular hypertrophy to chronic heart failure. "Arterial’naya Gipertenziya" ("Arterial Hypertension"). 2023;29(2):138-149. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18705/1607-419X-2023-29-2-138-149
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