Ангиотензинпревращающий фермент: хорошо знакомый незнакомец. Часть I
https://doi.org/10.18705/1607-419X-2023-29-4-353-370
Аннотация
Ангиотензинпревращающий фермент (АПФ) был открыт в 1956 году и активно изучается до настоящего времени. Он обладает уникальной структурой в виде двух гомологичных доменов, каждый из которых содержит каталитический ион цинка, но обладающих различной субстратной специфичностью. С точки зрения функции АПФ представляет собой металлопептидазу цинка, широко представленную на поверхности эндотелиальных и эпителиальных клеток. Ген, кодирующий АПФ, расположен на длинном плече хромосомы 17 (17q23) и имеет длину в 21000 оснований (т. п. н.), включая 26 экзонов и 25 интронов. Структура АПФ может быть результатом дупликации древнего гена, произошедшей приблизительно 700 миллионов лет назад. Основная функция АПФ — превращение ангиотензина I в сосудосуживающий ангиотензин II, который является основным активным продуктом. Кроме того, АПФ метаболизирует брадикинин, который является сильным сосудорасширяющим средством. АПФ участвует в метаболизме других ангиотензинов, в частности — ангиотензина (1–7), образуя совместно с АПФ2 и другими компонентами ренин-ангиотензин-альдостероновой системы (РААС) сложную сбалансированную систему поддержания артериального давления, водно-электролитного баланса и многих других, еще до конца не изученных компонентов системного, тканевого и клеточного гомеостаза. Все больше накапливается данных о необходимости присутствия АПФ для полноценного развития почек, процессов раннего кроветворения, нормальной мужской фертильности, эритропоэза, миелопоэза. Многочисленными оказались функции АПФ при иммунном ответе, внутриклеточной передаче сигналов.
Об авторе
Е. О. Налесник
Научно-исследовательский институт кардиологии — филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр Российской академии наук»
Россия
Россия
Налесник Елена Олеговна — научный сотрудник НИИ кардиологии Томского НИМЦ.
ул. Киевская, д. 111а, Томск, 634012
Тел.: 8 (3822) 55-83-67
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Налесник Е.О. Ангиотензинпревращающий фермент: хорошо знакомый незнакомец. Часть I. Артериальная гипертензия. 2023;29(4):353-370. https://doi.org/10.18705/1607-419X-2023-29-4-353-370
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Nalesnik E.O. Angiotensin-converting enzyme: a well-known stranger. Part I. "Arterial’naya Gipertenziya" ("Arterial Hypertension"). 2023;29(4):353-370. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18705/1607-419X-2023-29-4-353-370
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