Эпигенетические механизмы в становлении и прогрессировании артериальной гипертензии и ее осложнений

Переворотом в современной медицине стало понимание роли эпигенетической регуляции и возможности передачи из поколения в поколение эпигенетических изменений, которые опосредованы образом жизни и влиянием окружающей среды. Изучение данных механизмов открыло новые перспективы понимания происхождения целого ряда неинфекционных хронических заболеваниях, таких как патология опорно-двигательного аппарата, аутоиммунные заболевания, опухоли, психические расстройства, нейродегенеративные заболевания; впоследствии была показана роль эпигенетических изменений в развитии заболеваний сердечно-сосудистой системы и сахарного диабета. В настоящее время определены основные фундаментальные механизмы эпигенетической регуляции и разрабатываются подходы воздействия на специфические мишени различных эпигенетических компонентов. В представленном обзоре приводятся данные о молекулах, которые уже находятся в стадии клинического изучения и даже одобрены к применению. Исследования в области сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний находятся в стадии активного
изучения и ранних разработок. Эпигенетические механизмы ответственны не только за развитие и дифференцировку сердечно-сосудистых событий, формирование патологий, но и за регенераторный потенциал органов и тканей при их повреждении, за поддержание плюрипотентности и самообновление клеточных популяций. Накопление новых данных поможет сформировать новые концепции развития заболеваний и создать новые инструменты их профилактики и лечения.

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