SLEEP QUALITY AND DURATION AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES: IS THERE AN ASSOCIATION?

The article reviews the relationship between the quality and duration of sleep and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Chronic sleep deprivation and sleep disorders are common in modern society, however, many people underestimate their effects on health. Experimental data, population-based epidemiologic and interventional studies have shown that both short and long sleep duration are associated with CVD and their major risk factors. Thus, sleep duration could be considered an additional modified risk factor. Social factors, irregular sleep-wake cycle, some somatic and mental diseases, and sleep disorders themselves may decrease quality and duration of sleep. Normal sleep is a complex and dynamic process that significantly affects homeostasis of the cardiovascular system. The main pathophysiological mechanisms involved in CVD development and progression in subjects with the insufficient sleep considered to be the following: increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system, blunted circadian rhythm of blood pressure, impaired lipid metabolism, glucose intolerance and changes in the secretion of hormones that affect appetite. Thus, the novel goals of the cardiovascular prevention should include timely diagnosis and treatment of sleep disorders and sufficient sleep quality and duration.

cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus, obesity, sleep duration sleep disorders circadian rhythms, melatonin

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