Screening blood pressure measurement in the Russian population (the results of the МММ17 activity)

Background. The International Society of Hypertension and World Hypertensive League therefore joined forces to organize a concerted global effort by expanding World Hypertension Day to May Measurement Month 2017 (MMM17). The campaign was aimed to improve hypertension awareness and blood pressure control in participants with hypertension. Russian Society of Cardiology supported initiative — blood pressure measurement was performed in 11 Russian cities. Objective. The aim of our study was to estimate Russian population awareness about blood pressure in terms of campaign MMM17. Design and methods. During May 2017 we screened 1532 participants in 11 Russian cities: St Petersburg (119 participants), Moscow (102), Belgorod (28), Bryansk (405), Kemerovo (142), Krasnoyarsk (154), Samara (67), Saratov (59), Stavropol (269), Ulyanovsk (50), Surgut (137). All subjects participated voluntarily. Inclusion criteria was age age older than 18 years old. Blood pressure (BP) was measured three times with automated and manual sphygmomanometers. Questionnaire regarding diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, smoking and alcohol intake was filled in. Respondents provided information about weight and height. Results. We examined 1532 participants aged 39,3 ± 18,7 years (from 18 to 90 years old), among them 509 (33,2 %) males and 1023 (66,8 %) females. All participants were divided into 3 groups according to the date of the last BP measurement: group 1 — BP has never been checked before (n = 188, 12,3 %), group 2 — less than one year ago (n = 630, 41,1 %), group 3 — more than one year ago (n = 714, 46,6 %). Conclusions. About half of Russian participants checked blood pressure last time more than one year ago. Insufficient awareness, low compliance to antihypertensive medication and poor blood pressure control were found in Russian population independently of gender and age in both primary and secondary prevention.

1. NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC). Worldwide trends in blood pressure from 1975 to 2015: a pooled analysis of 1479 population-based measurement studies with 19·1 million participants. Lancet. 2017;389(10064):37–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140–6736(16)31919-5

2. Olsen MH, Angell SY, Asma S, Boutouyrie P, Burger D, Chirinos JA, et al. A call to action and a lifecourse strategy to address the global burden of raised blood pressure on current and future generations: the Lancet Commission on hypertension. Lancet. 2016;388(10060):2665–712. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140–6736(16)31134–5

3. Chow CK, Teo KK, Rangarajan S, Islam S, Gupta R, Avezum A, et al. Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in rural and urban communities in high-, middle-, and low-income countries. J Am Med Assoc. 2013;310(9):959–68. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2013.184182

4. Yusuf S, Wood D, Ralston J, Reddy KS. The World Heart Federation’s vision for worldwide cardiovascular disease prevention. Lancet. 2015;386(9991): 399–402. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140–6736 (15)60265-3

5. Adler AJ, Prabhakaran D, Bovet P, Kazi DS, Mancia G, Mungal-Singh V, et al. Reducing cardiovascular mortality through prevention and management of raised blood pressure: a World Heart Federation roadmap. Glob Heart. 2015;10(2):111–22 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gheart.2015.04.006

6. Schlaich MP, Carrington M. May measurement month 2017-a concerted global effort to raise awareness of elevated blood pressure. J Hum Hypertens. 2018;32(5):319–320. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41371-017-0006-1

7. Beaney T., Schutte A.E, Tomaszewski M, Ariti C, Burrell LM, Castillo RR, on behalf of the MMM Investigators May Measurement Month 2017: an analysis of blood pressure screening results worldwide. Lancet Glob Health. 2018;6(7): e736-e743 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30259-6

8. Бойцов С. А., Баланова Ю. А., Шальнова С. А., Деев А. Д., Артамонова Г. В., Гатагонова Т. М., и др. Артериальная гипертония среди лиц 25–64 лет: распространенность, осведомленность, лечение и контроль по материалам исследования ЭССЕ. Кардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактика 2014;13(4):4–14. [Boytsov S. A., Balanova Yu. A., Shalnova S. A., Deev A. D., Artamonova G. V., Gatagonova T. M. et al. Arterial hypertension among individuals of 25–64 years old: prevalence, awareness, treatment and control by the data from ECCD. Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention. Кардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактика 2014;13(4):4–14. in Russian]. https://doi.org/10.15829/1728-8800-2014-4-4-14

9. Оганов Р. Г., Тимофеева Т. Н., Колтунов И. Е., Константинов В. В., Баланова Ю. А., Капустина А. В. и др. Эпидемиология артериальной гипертонии в России. Результаты федерального мониторинга 2003–2010 гг. Кардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактика 2011; 10(1):9–13. [Oganov RG, Timofeeva TN, Koltunov IE, Konstatinov VV, Balanova Ya A, Kapustina AV et al. Arterial hypertension epidemiology in Russia. The results of 2003–2010 Federal monitoring. Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention. 2011;10(1):9–13. In Russian].

10. Robitaille С, Dai S, Waters C. Bancej C, Quach S, Ellison J, et al. Diagnosed hypertension in Canada: incidence, prevalence and associated mortality. Can Med Assoc J. 2012;184(1): Е 49–56. https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.101863

11. Osterberg L, Blaschke T. Adherence to medication. N Engl J Med 2005;353(5):487–497. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMra050100

12. Hamdidouche I, Jullien V, Boutouyrie P, Billaud E, Azizi M, Laurent S. Drug adherence in hypertension: from methodological issues to cardiovascular outcomes. J Hypertens. 2017;35(6):1133–1144. doi:10.1097/HJH.0000000000001299. Review.

13. Шальнова С. А., Деев А. Д., Вихирева О. В., Гаврилова Н. Е., Оганов Р. Г. Распространенность артериальной гипертонии в России. Информированность, лечение, контроль. Профилактика заболеваний и укрепление здоровья. 2001;2:3–7 [Shalnova SA, Deev AD, Vihireva OV, Gavrilova NE, Oganov RG The prevalence of hypertension in Russia. Profilaktika zabolevanij i ukreplenie zdorov’ja = Awareness, treatment and control. 2001;2:3–7. In Russian].

14. Gu Q, Burt VL, Dillon CF, Yoon S. Trends in antihypertensive medication use and blood pressure control among United States adults with hypertension: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001 to 2010. Circulation.2012;126(17):2105–14. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.096156