Sympathetic nervous system and serum leptin level in obese patients with and without obstructive sleep apnea
https://doi.org/10.18705/1607-419X-2006-12-3-256-261
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate sympathetic nervous system activity and serum leptin level in obese patients with and without obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). We examined 75 OSA patients and 40 age, weight, BMI and blood pressure levels matched obese patients without OSA. As a result, patients with OSA had higher sympathetic activity associated not only with repetitive episodes of hypoxia/hypercapnia during sleep, but also with more marked central obesity and higher serum leptin level.
About the Authors
N. E. Zvartau
Almazov Research Institute of Cardiology
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Yu. V. Sviryaev
Almazov Research Institute of Cardiology
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
O. P. Rotari
Almazov Research Institute of Cardiology
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
I. V. Emelyanov
Almazov Research Institute of Cardiology
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
N. K. Merculova
Almazov Research Institute of Cardiology
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
A. O. Conrady
Almazov Research Institute of Cardiology
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
A. L. Kalinkin
City clinical hospital № 83, Moscow
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
References
1. Roux F., D'Ambrosio C., Mohsenin V. et al. Sleep-related breathing disorders and cardiovascular disease. Am. J. Med. 2000; 108: 396-402.
2. Somers V.K., Dyken M.E., Clary M.P. et al. Sympathetic neural mechanisms in obstructive sleep apnea. J. Clin. Invest. 1995; 96:1897-1904.
3. Narkiewicz Κ., Somers V.K. The sympathetic nervous system and obstructive sleep apnea: implications for hypertension. J. Hypertens. 1997; 12: 1613-1619.
4. Fletcher Е.С. Cardiovascular consequences of obstructive sleep apnea: experimental hypoxia and sympathetic activity. Sleep 2000; 23( 4):S127-131.
5. Phillips B.G., Somers V.K. Neural and humoral mechanisms mediating cardiovascular responses to obstructive sleep apnea. Respir. Physiol. 2000; 119: 181-187.
6. Salvador J., Iriarte J., Silva C. et al. The obstructive sleep apnoea syndrom in obesity: a conspirator in the shadow. Rev. Med. Univ. Neverr 2004; 48:55-62.
7. Narkiewicz Κ., Montano N., Cogliati C. et al. Altered cardiovascular variability in obstructive sleep apnea. Circulation 1998; 98(11): 1071-1077.
8. Vgontzas A.N., Tan T.L., Bixler E.O. et al. Sleep зрпеа and sleep disruption in obese patients. Arch Intern Med 1994; 154 ( 15): 1705-11.
9. Coy T.V., Dimsdale J.E., Ancoli I.S. et al. Sleep apnoea and sympathetic nervous system activity: a review. J. Sleep. Res. 1996; 5: 42-50.
10. Krieger D.R., Landsberg L. Obesity and hypertension. Hypertension: pathophysiology, diagnosis and management, NY: Raven Press Publishers. 1995: 2367-2389.
11. Macdonald I.A. Advances in our understanding of the role of sympathetic nervous system in obesity. Int.J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord 1995; 19(1): S2-S7.
12. Reaven G.M., Lithell L.O., Lansberg L. Hypertension and associated metabolic abnormalities - the role of insulin resistance and the sympathoadrenal system. New Engl. J. Med. 1996; 334: 374-381.
13. Grassi G., Seravalle G., Cattaneo B.M. et al. Sympathetic activation in obese normotensive subjects Hypertension 1995; 25: 560-563.
14. Alvarez G.E., Beske S.D., Ballard T.P et. al. Sympathetic neural activation in visceral obesity. Circulation 2002; 106: 2533-2536.
15. Troisi R.J., Weiss S.T., Parker D.R. et al. Relation of obesity and diet to sympathetic nervous system activity. Hypertension 199; 17: 669-677.
16. Tuck M.L. Obesity, the sympathetic nervous system, and essential hypertension. Hypertension 1992; 19: 167-177.
17. Bray G.A., York D.A., Fisler J.S. Experimental obesity: a homeostatic failure due to defective nutrient stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system. Vitam. Horm. 1989; 45: 1Ί25.
18. Bray G.A. MONA LISA hypothesis: most obesities known are low in sympathetic activity. Progress in Obesity Research. John Libbey and Co. 1990: 61-66.
19. Rumantir M.S., Vaz M., Jennings G.L. et al. Neural mechanisms in human obesitv-related hypertension. J. Hypertens. 1999;17:1125-1133.
20. Vaz M., Jennings G., Turner A. et al. Regional sympathetic nervous activity and oxygen consumption in obese normotensive human subjects. Circulation 1997; 96: 3423-3429.
21. Ravussin E., Pratley R.E., Maffei M. et al. Relatively low plasma leptin concentrations precede weight gain in Pima Indians. Nat. Med. 1995;3: 238-240.
22. Holden C. Wake-up call for sleep research. Science 1993; 259: 305.
23. Campfield L.A., Smith F.J., Guisez Y. et al. Recombinant mouse ob protein: evidence for a peripheral signal linking adiposity and central neural networks. Science 1995; 269: 546-549.
24. Caro J.F., Sinha M.K., Kolaczvnski J.W. et al. Leptin: the tale of an obesity gene. Diabetes 1996; 45: 1455-1462.
25. Dunbar J.C., Hu Y., Lu H. Inracerebroventricular leptin increases lumbal and renal sympathetic nerve activity and blood pressure in normal rats. Diabetes 1997; 46: 2040-2043.
26. Paolisso G., Manzella D., Montano N. et al. Plasma leptin concentrations and cardiac autonomic nervous system in healthy subjects with different body weights. J. Clin. Endocrinol. 2000; 85: 1810-1814.
27. Carulli L., Ferrari S., Bertolini M. et al. Regulation of ob gene expression: evidence for epinephrine-induced suppression in human obesity. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 1999; 84: 3309-3312.
28. Phillips B.G., Kato M., Narkiewicz K. et al. Increases in leptin levels, sympathetic drive, and weight gain in obstructive sleep apnea. Am. J. Physiol. 2000; 279: H234-H237.
29. Schafer H., Pauleit D., Sudhop T. et al. Body fat distribution, serum leptin, and cardiovascular risk factors in men with obstructive sleep apnea. Chest 2002; 122:774-778,
30. Montague C.T., Prins J.B., Sanders L. et al. Depot and sex-specific differences in human leptin mRNA expression. Diabetes 1997; 46: 342-347.
31. Lefebvre A.M., Laville M., Vega N. et al. Depot-specific differences in adipose tissue gene expression in lean and obese subjects. Diabetes 1998; 47: 98-103.
32. Harmelen V.V., Reynisdottir S., Eriksson P. et al. Leptin secretion from subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue in women. Diabetes 1998; 47: 913-917.
33. Bennet F., Mcfarlane-Anderson N., Wilks R. et al. Leptin concentration in women is influenced by regional distribution of adipose tissue. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1997; 66: 1340-1344.
34. Ip M.S., Lam B., Chan L.Y. et al. Circulating nitric oxide is suppressed in obstructive sleep apnea and it reversed by nasal continuous positive airway pres - sure. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2000; 162: 2166-2171.
35. Heiman M.I., Ahima L.S., Craft B. et al. Leptin inhibition of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in response to stress. Endocrinology 1997; 138: 3859-3863.
36. O’Donnel C.P., Schaub C.B., Haines A.S. et al. Leptin prevents respiratory depression in obesitv. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 1999; 159: 1477-1484.
37. Mackintosh R.M., Hirsh J. The effects of leptin administration in non-obese human subjects. Obes. Res. 2001; 9: 462-469.
38. Amador N., Perez-Luque E., Malacara J. et al. Leptin and heart sympathetic activitry in normotensive obese and non-obese subjects. Ital. Heart J. 2004; 5: 29-35.
Review
For citations:
Zvartau N.E., Sviryaev Yu.V., Rotari O.P., Emelyanov I.V., Merculova N.K., Conrady A.O., Kalinkin A.L. Sympathetic nervous system and serum leptin level in obese patients with and without obstructive sleep apnea. "Arterial’naya Gipertenziya" ("Arterial Hypertension"). 2006;12(3):256-261. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18705/1607-419X-2006-12-3-256-261
Views:
1426
Email this article 