Vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor for obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus in reproductive age women

Background. Some studies suggest that serum 25(OH) vitamin D level could be associated with fat mass quantity and glucose metabolism parameters. However, the data seem to be contradictory. Objective. We examined the interrelatoins between serum 25(OH)D with body composition, glucose metabolism parameters in healthy women. Design and methods. We examined 320 healthy late reproductive age women (aged 40 to 52 years old, mean age — 46.1 ± 4.5 years). Serum 25(OH)D and insulin levels were determined by ELISA, plasma glucose levels — by standard biochemistry. Insulin resistance was evaluated by HOMA-IR and insulin sensitivity index (ISI-0,120).We used DEX in 134 women to determine fat mass and calculate fat mass index (FMI). Results. Serum 25(OH)D level was from 19.4 to 134.0 nMol/L (mean — 52.9 ± 22.7). Vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency (lower than 75 nMol/L) was revealed in 86.8 % of healthy women. The study showed, that low vitamin D level was associated with obesity (r = -0.35, p < 0.01), increased plasma glucose level after oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) (r = -0.31, p < 0.01) and decreased insulin sensitivity index (r = -0.28, p < 0.01). We found that Vitamin D level lower than 50 nMol/L was associated with obesity (OR 2.1; CI 95 %) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (OR 1.67; CI 95 %). Conclusion. Our results show that vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in the population of healthy women, and low Vitamin D level correlates with high fat mass, postprandial glucose level and decreased tissue insulin sensitivity. Hence, vitamin D insufficiency might possibly be a risk factor for obesity and insulin resistance development leading to type 2 diabetes mellitus.

vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus

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