Особенности ведения пациентов с неврологическими заболеваниями в период пандемии COVID-19

В статье рассмотрены особенности ведения пациентов с различными неврологическими заболеваниями в период пандемии COVID-19, с учетом определения уровня риска заражения. Указана возможность увеличения риска заражения у пациентов при наличии инвалидизации, особенно с нарушением функции дыхательной и бульбарной мускулатуры, ограничением подвижности, наличием сопутствующих забо-леваний. Описаны рекомендации по лечению пациентов с инсультом, нервно-мышечными заболеваниями, воспалительными и аутоиммунными заболеваниями центральной нервной системы, в частности, рассеянного склероза и заболеваний спектра нейрооптикомиелита, а также невоспалительными заболеваниями центральной нервной системы (эпилепсия, болезнь Паркинсона, атипичный паркинсонизм, дистония, наследственная спастическая параплегия, детский церебральный паралич, доброкачественная внутричерепная гипертензия). Приведены взаимодействия препаратов для лечения COVID-19 и неврологических заболеваний. Отмечены потенциальные неврологические осложнения COVID-19: аносмия, агевзия, вирусный менингит, энцефалит, постинфекционный стволовой энцефалит, острая некротизирующая геморрагическая лейкоэнцефалопатия, синдром Гийена-Барре, миозиты. Подчеркнута важность того, что во время пандемии COVID-19, при обследовании пациентов с неврологическими заболеваниями клиницисты должны учитывать возможность наличия у пациента с COVID-19, а также рассматривать его как дифференциальный диагноз, чтобы избежать ошибок диагностики, назначить своевременное лечение и предотвратить распространение инфекции.

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