Subclinical vascular damage markers in St Petersburg inhabitants (ESSE-RF study)

Objective. To estimate the prevalence of subclinical organ damage by basic existing screening methods, and correlation with traditional risk factors in a sample of St Petersburg inhabitants.

Design and methods. The study was carried out as a part of ESSE-RF study. Totally, 1592 St Petersburg inhabitants (567 men and 1025 women) were examined. Anthropometry, blood pressure measurement and biochemistry were performed according to standard protocols. During instrumental investigation intima-media thickness (IMT) by My Sono U6; carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) and ankle brachial index (ABI) by VaSera VS‑1500 were assessed. Сardiovascular risk was assessed by SCORE-scale.

Results. There is no subclinical vascular damage found in the majority of participants (n = 955, 76,7 %). The highest prevalence of subclinical organ damage is detected in patients with low and intermediate SCORE risk. Increasing of IMT more than 0,9 mm is the most prevalent marker (n = 212, 24,7 %) and ABI lower than 0,9 (n = 18, 2,1 %) was the less prevalent marker comparing with other methods. IMT correlates with waist circumference and BMI; besides this, a correlation with systolic BP is found only in women. Cardiovascular risk score correlated with CAVI, ABI and IMT. СfPWV and CAVI mean values, prevalence of IMT > 0,9 mm are significantly higher in males comparing with females. Only association between cfPWV and IMT is significant (β = 0,43, p < 0,0001).

Conclusion. Low prevalence of subclinical organ damage is revealed according to different diagnostic methods. Evaluation of subclinical organ damage is reasonable for patients with low and intermediate risk; the risk level according to SCORE correlates with CAVI, ABI and IMT data. The prevalence of high CAVI and IMT is higher among men with hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia and hyperglycemia. Increased CAVI is associated with high blood pressure, larger prevalence of hypertension and older age; among women with hypertriglyceridemia and hyperglycemia also.

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