THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE SEASON OF THE YEAR AND THE VASORENAL HYPERTENSION OCCURRENCE

Objective. The aim of this work was to study the impact of seasons on the incidence of the experimental arterial hypertension. Design and methods. We applied the model of vasorenal hypertension “2 kidney, 1 clip” in Wistar male rats in standard laboratory conditions. We compared the following parameters in the groups with clipped arteries in autumn, winter and spring: systolic blood pressure, beat-to-beat interval, low- and high-frequency components of heart rate variability. Results. The risk of vasorenal hypertension occurrence was higher in spring (56 %). More seldom vasorenal hypertension developed in winter (20 % of animals), and an increase in density of low and high-frequency components of heart rate variability was observed after applying renal artery clamp in the winter group. There was a clear correlation between an increase in the average monthly variability of atmospheric pressure and a decrease in the frequency of vasorenal hypertension occurrence. Conclusions. We conclude that the season has an impact on the development of hypertension, which probably is due to the seasonal changes in sympathetic and parasympathetic activity. We assume that clear seasonal dynamics of atmospheric pressure variability causes the seasonal variations in the functioning of the cardiovascular and autonomic nervous systems in standard laboratory conditions.

1. Waki H, Katahira K, Polson JW, Kasparov S, Murphy D, Paton JF. Automation of analysis of cardiovascular autonomic function from chronic measurements of arterial pressure in conscious rats. Exp Physiol. 2006;91(1):201–13.

2. Шляхто Е. В., Плисс М. Г., Цырлин В. А. Барорецепторный рефлекс и долговременная регуляция артериального давления. Санкт-Петербург, 2011. 160 с. [Shlyakhto EV, Pliss MG, Tsyrlin VA. Baroreceptor reflex and long-term regulation of arterial pressure. St Petersburg, 2011. 160 p. In Russian].

3. Шилов И. А. Экология: Учеб. для биол. и мед. спец. вузов. Москва, 1998. 512 с. [Shilov IA. Ecology: textbook for biological and medical schools. Moscow, 1998. 512 p. In Russian].

4. Vázquez N, Díaz E, Fernández C, Jiménez V, Esquifino A, Díaz B. Seasonal variations of gonadotropins and prolactin in the laboratory rat. Role of maternal pineal gland. Physiol Res. 2007;56 (1):79–88.

5. Bartsch H, Mecke D, Probst H, Küpper H, Seebald E, Salewski L et al. Search for seasonal rhythmicity of pineal melatonin production in rats under constant laboratory conditions: spectral chronobiological analysis, and relation to solar and geomagnetic variables. Chronobiol Int. 2012;29(8):1048–61.

6. Stergiou GS, Myrsilidi A, Kollias A, Destounis A, Roussias L, Kalogeropoulos P. Seasonal variation in meteorological parameters and office, ambulatory and home blood pressure: predicting factors and clinical implications. Hypertens Res. 2015;38(12):869–75.

7. Youn JC, Rim SJ, Park S, Ko YG, Kang SM, Choi D et al. Arterial stiffness is related to augmented seasonal variation of blood pressure in hypertensive patients. Blood Press. 2007;16 (6):375–80.

8. Rosenthal T. Seasonal variations in blood pressure. Am J Geriatr Cardiol. 2004;13(5):267–72.

9. Карпин В. А., Шувалова О. И., Гудков А. Б. Клиническое течение артериальной гипертензии в экологических условиях урбанизированного Севера. Экология человека. 2011;10:48–52. [Karpin VA, Shuvalov OI, Gudkov AB. Essential hypertension course in ecological conditions of urban north. Ekologiya Cheloveka = Human Ecology. 2011;10:48–52. In Russian].

10. Jehn M, Appel LJ, Sacks FM, Miller ER 3rd; DASH Collaborative Research Group. The effect of ambient temperature and barometric pressure on ambulatory blood pressure variability. Am J Hypertens. 2002;15(11):941–5.

11. Hermida-Dominguez RC, Halberg F. Assessment of the risk of mesor-hypertension. Chronobiologia. 1984;11(3):249–62.

12. American Heart Association. Heart rate variability. Standards of measurement, physiological interpretation, and clinical use. Circulation. 1996;93(5):1043–1065.

13. Zimmerman JB, Robertson D, Jackson EK. Angiotensin IInoradrenergic interactions in renovascular hypertensive rats. J Clin Invest. 1987;80 (2):443–457.

14. Gismeteo. https://www.gismeteo.ru/diary/

15. Всемирная Метеорологическая организация. Наставление по Глобальной системе обработки данных и прогнозирования. Том 1-Глобальные аспекты. Женева. 2010. III.4–1 с. [World Meteorological Organization. Manual on the global data-processing and forecasting system. Volume 1-global aspects. Geneva. 2010. III. 4–1 p. In Russian].

16. Space weather prediction center. http://www.swpc.noaa. gov/Observation. Planetary K-index. Data. SWPC also maintains tables of geomagnetic indeces, including the Planetary K-index, back to 1994. ftp://ftp.swpc.noaa.gov/pub/indices/old_indices/

17. Loscher W, Mevissen M, Häussler M. Seasonal influence on 7, 12-dimethylbenz (a)anthracene-induced mammary carcinogenesis in Sprague-Dawley rats under controlled laboratory conditions. Pharmacol Toxicol. 1997;81(6):265–270.

18. Scott EM, Grant PJ. Neel revisited: the adipocyte, seasonality and type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia. 2006;49(7):1462–6.

19. Nahavandi A, Khamse S, Shafeeie M, Mahmoudian M. Aortic responsiveness to nitric oxide is affected by seasonal variation. Pathophysiology. 2006;13(2):67–9.

20. Morikawa M, Yamada T, Yamada T, Cho K, Sato S, Minakami H. Seasonal variation in the prevalence of pregnancy-induced hypertension in Japanese women. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2014;40 (4):926–31.

21. Lee TM, McClintock MK. Female rats in a laboratory display seasonal variation in fecundity. J Reprod Fertil. 1986;77 (1):51–9.

22. Vanĕcek J, Illnerová H. Effect of photoperiod on the growth of reproductive organs and on pineal N-acetyltransferase rhythm in male rats treated neonatally with testosterone propionate. Biol Reprod. 1982;27(3):517.

23. Oparil S. The sympathetic nervous system in clinical and experimental hypertension. Kidney Int. 1986;30(3):437–52.

24. Путинцева Т. Г., Турпаев Т. М., Селиванова Г. П. Сезонные изменения содержания ацетилхолина и норадреналина и чувствительность к этим веществам гладкой мускулатуры тонкой кишки крысы. Физиол. журн. СССР. 1983;69(9):1227– 1230. [Putintseva TG, Turpaev TM, Selivanova GP. Seasonal changes in the acetylcholine and noradrenaline content and the sensitivity to these substances in the smooth musculature of the small intestine in the rat. Fiziol Zh SSSR Im IM Sechenova. 1983;69 (9):1227–30. In Russian].

25. Rodriguez H, Filippa VP, Penissi A, Fogal T, Domínguez S, Piezzi RS et al. Seasonal changes in the activity of the adrenal medulla of Viscacha (Lagostomus maximus maximus). Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2013;296(7):1089–95.

26. Агулова Л. П., Ростов А. П., Сучкова Н. Г., Созонова А. А., Москвитина Н. С. Сезонная динамика вариаций сердечного ритма у трех видов мышевидных грызунов. Экология. 2014;2:131–139. [Agulova LP, Rostov AP, Suchkova NG, Sozo- nova AA, Moscvitina NS. Seasonal dynamics of the heart rate variation in three species of mouse rodents. Ekologiya = Ecology. 2014;2:131–139. In Russian].

27. Vanderlei LC, Pastre CM, Hoshi RA, Carvalho TD, Godoy MF. Basic notions of heart rate variability and its clinical applicability. Rev Bras Cir Cardiovasc. 2009;24 (2):205–17.

28. Di Rienzo M, Parati G, Castiglioni P, Omboni S, Ferrari AU, Ramirez AJ et al. Role of sinoaortic afferents in modulating BP and pulse-interval spectral characteristics in unanesthetized cats. Am J Physiol. 1991;261(2):1811–1818.

29. Tyrlin VA, Galagudza MM, Kuzmenko NV, Pliss MG, Rubanova NS, Shcherbin YI. Arterial baroreceptor reflex counteracts long-term blood pressure increase in the rat model of renovascular hypertension. PLoS One. 2013;8(6): e64788.

30. Weinstock M, Gorodetsky E, Kalman R. Renal denervation prevents sodium retention and hypertension in salt-sensitive rabbits with genetic baroreflex impairment. Clin Sci. 1996;90 (4):287–93.

31. Weil ZM, Norman GJ, DeVries AC, Berntson GG, Nelson RJ. Photoperiod alters autonomic regulation of the heart. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2009;106(11):4525–30.

32. Кайсина И. Г., Сизова Е. Н., Циркин В. И., Трухина С. И. Влияние сезона года на вариабельность сердечного ритма у 11–13-летних девочек. Вятский мед. вестник. 2003;3:69–75. [Kaisina IG, Sizova EN, Tsyrkin VI, Trukhnina SI. Seasonal changes in heart rate variability in 11-to 13-year-old girls. Vyatskiy Meditsinskiy Vestnik = Vyatka Medical Bulletin. 2003;3:69–75. In Russian].

33. Currie RG. The geomagnetic spectrum: 40 days to 5.5 years. J Geophys Res. 1966;71:4579–4598.

34. Russell CT, McPherron RL. Semiannual variation of geomagnetic activity. J Geophys Res. 1973;78:92–108.

35. Clua de Gonzalez A, Silbergleit VM, Gonzalez WD, Tsurutani BT. Annual variation of geomagnetic activity. J Atmos Sol Terr Phys. 2001;63(4):367–374.

36. Patowary R, Singh SB, Bhuyan K. A study of seasonal variation of geomagnetic activity. Res J Phy and Appl Sci. 2013;2(1):001–011.

37. McIntosh DH. On the annual variation of magnetic disturbance. Phil Trans Roy Soc London Ser. 1959;251(1001):525–552.

38. Boller BR, Stolov R. Semiannual variation of geomagnetic activity. J Geophys Res. 1970;75(1):92–108.

39. Руднева Н. М., Гинзбург Е. А., Дремухина Л. А., Нусинов А. А. Оценки сезонных вариаций магнитной активности. Гелиогеофизические исследования. 2015;13:97–105. [Rudneva NM, Ginzburg EA, Dremukhina LA, Nusinov AA. Concerning the seasonal dependence of geomagnetic activity. GeliogeofizicheSKIYE issledovaniya = Heliogeophysical Research. 2015;13:97–105. In Russian].