Atherosclerosis and high blood pressure in the northern watch

Objective. To determine the role of elevated blood pressure (BP) as a risk factor in the formation of subclinical atherosclerosis of carotid arteries (CA) in males in the Northern watch. Design and methods. We divided 424 males into 2 groups: group 1 included 294 people with arterial hypertension (HTN) of I, II stages and group 2 which consisted of 130 normotensive people. They were examined at the branch “Health Service” LLC “Gazprom Вobycha Yamburg” (Yamburg settlement, 68°N). Control group consisted of 144 Tyumen males with HTN of I, II stages (group 3) (Tyumen settlement, 57°N). The groups matched by age (49,6 ± 6,9 years), duration of living in the North (16,5 ± 6,8 years) in groups 1 and 2, the length of watch service (11,2 ± 3,8 years), office BP in groups 1 and 3. Patients had undergone ultrasound examination of carotid arteries (CA), echocardiography, 24-hour BP monitoring, lipids assessment. Results. Showing equal office BP the northern group of patients (group 1) demonstrated high atherogenic lipid fractions (р = 0,0001), lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL–C) (р = 0,0001), increased atherogenicity index (р = 0,0001) in comparison with group 3. HTN patients showed higher plasma levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL–C) and lower HDL–C than in healthy patients. In group 3 atherosclerotic plaques (AP) in common CA were registered in 7,8 % HTN patients and in 56,1 % northern HTN patients (р = 0,0001); intima-media complex was 0,93 ± 0,34 mm which was higher than in HTN patients of group 3 (р = 0,0113). In the northern normotensive patients AP in CA were determined in 25 % cases despite more rare dyslipidemia in the group 1. Patients and normotensive people in the Northern watch showed greater frequency of the main risk factors, low physical activity (p = 0,0001), higher body mass index (p = 0,0002) and smoking rate (p = 0,0001) in comparison with the control group. Conclusions. There is a need for further investigation of atherosclerosis in the northern regions. High frequency of the main risk factors, dyslipidemia, increased BP and coronary artery disease draw close attention in order to preserve health of able to work population in the Far North.

blood pressure, atherosclerosis, Northern watch

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