Обструктивное апноэ в патогенезе сосудистых заболеваний органа зрения

Респираторные нарушения, обусловленные синдромом обструктивного апноэ во время сна (СОАС), увеличивают риск развития сосудистых заболеваний органа зрения. Сопутствующие СОАС гипоксия, гиперкапния, эндотелиальная дисфункция способствуют локальному нарушению фибринолиза, вызывают гиперкоагуляцию и вазоспазм, создавая условия для возникновения окклюзий как вен сетчатки, так и задних цилиарных артерий. У 91,5 % пациентов с окклюзией вен сетчатки и у 75 % пациентов с неартериитной формой передней ишемической нейрооптикопатии выявляется СОАС средней и тяжелой степени. Своевременные диагностика и лечение СОАС являются профилактикой развития острой сосудистой патологии сетчатки и зрительного нерва.

синдром обструктивного апноэ во время сна, окклюзия вен сетчатки, передняя ишемическая нейрооптикопатия, неоваскуляризация

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