Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in patients with arterial hypertension

Background. Hypertensive kidney disease is one of the long-term complications of poorly controlled arterial hypertension (HTN). This is the second most important cause of the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) after diabetes mellitus. HTN is one of the key pathogenetic factors contributing to the progressive deterioration of the renal function. Objective. The purpose of this study was to study the overall prevalence of chronic kidney disease in patients with HTN. Design and methods. We performed a retrospective study (analysis of data on outpatient episodes within the period 2021–2024), which included all outpatients older 18 years treated at the Almazov National Research Medical Center with a diagnosis of HTN (essential (primary) hypertension). A total of 4126 patients with HTN were included in the study. According to electronic outpatient records, the main clinical and laboratory parameters were evaluated and CKD was diagnosed. Results. According to the analysis of the CKD prevalence depending on the HTN stage, patients with stage 1 HTN showed no CKD, while it occurred in 39 % (753) of patients with stage 2 HTN (CKD C1 in 48 patients, CKD C2 in 96 patients, CKD C3a in 540 patients, CKD C3b in 69 patients) and in 55 % (862) of patients with stage 3 HTN (CKD C3a in 235 patients, CKD C3b in 286 patients, CKD C4 in 323 patients, CKD C5 in 18 patients). Conclusion. In a large sample of outpatients with HTN we demonstrated a high prevalence of CKD.

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