The review concerns epidemiology of metabolic syndrome on European countries, USA, and Asia as well as several other regions. The impact of different definitions on prevalence assessment is stressed. The results of major prognostic trials in metabolic syndrome are also discussed.

Metabolic syndrome includes obesity, dyslipidemia, arterial hypertension, hyperglycemia or insulin resistance, microalbuminuria, hyperuricemia. Till nowadays there are no clear data of its classification. According to numerous researches metabolic syndrome also includes endothelial dysfunction, left ventricular hypertrophy, renal dysfunction, rheological blood pathology. So that, patients with metabolic syndrome demand more carefull monitoring with necessary study of metabolism, also during physical training, and more complete examination of target-organs, their structure and functions.

Impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilatation is one of a main effects followed from elevation ADMA and homocysteine.
Homocyseine dependent inhibition of the enzymatic function of eNOS arises as associated event under the direct influence of ADMA elevation in endothelial cells. The cellular mechanism of this phenomenon, apparently, consists in transformation of homocysteine in S-adenosyl-homocysteine which inhibits dimethylarginine dimethylamino hydrolase (DDAH). The literature data show up dependence of endothelial vasomotor dysfunction development both from on a combination of these factors, and in case of one lack.

100 young hypertensive men were examined, mean age 23,6 [22.8-24.3], they were compared to 64 middle-aged hypertensive patients, mean age 49,0 [46,7-51,4]. Isolated systolic hypertension was determined in more than 2/3 young cases. Blood pressure monitoring should be used to discover hypertension in young patients. When perindopril treatment is used, target blood pressure in six month was achieved in 91,2 % hypertensive men aged between 18 and 30.

Features of structural and functional remodeling of the left ventricular and brachial artery and parathyroid hormone blood levels are studied in 95 patients with arterial hypertension. It was shown that increased parathyroid hormone blood levels correlate with increased frequency and evidence of remodeling of left ventricular and brachial artery, also significant decrease in diastolic function and endothelium-dependent vasodilatation. 21.6 % of hypertensive patients have asymptomic of parathyroid hormone hyper secretion. Pathological type of circadian blood pressure profile was observed in these patients.

The aim of this study is to detect and investigate the hypolipidemic and antiatherosclerotic activity of sympatholytic reserpine in rats, guinea pigs and rabbits. The experiments are based on the models of dislipoproteinemia and atherosclerosis. It is shown, that reserpine (in dose 0,1 mg/kg i.p.) significantly reduces dislipoproteinemia and atherosclerosis in comparison to the lipid lowing effects of fibrates.

The blinded randomized study the clinical effecacy and tolerability during 6 month therapy with one of two fixed combinations Tarka (verapamil SR+trandolapril) and Capozide (captopril+HCTZ) were compared patients (20 patients at every group) with arterial hypertension who did not achiev target blood pressure on monotherapy. Tarka was more effective decreased of left ventricular hypertrophy and improved vascular elasticity. Tarka also had better T/P coefficient. Tarka improved glucose level, Capozide worsen potassium levels.

41 arterial hypertensive (AH) men of 38-59 years old without adequate previous research. Cognitive function (simple and complex visual-motor reactions) was evaluated with computer Status PF Program.
Cognitive disturbances (CD) in AH patient of young and mature age revealed. At the same time the level of AH and its duration are connected with CD nature by U-form dependence. Maximal CD develops in patients with AH duration less then 1 and more than 10 years. More optimal cognitive function parameters are revealed in 40-50 years old patients and 5-10 years AH duration. The absence of adequate night arterial pressure decrease is associated with CD, too.

The manuscript addresses subanalysis of ALTAIR Study population being on combination therapy of rilmenidine and amlodipine. The efficacy and safety of such combination is shown. Possible decrease in side effects caused by rational drug combination is discussed, as well as positive metabolic changes and body mass reduction is documented in this subgroup. This allows to recommend such combination of antihypertensive drugs for patients with concomitant pathology including so-called metabolic syndrome.

The central alpha₂ - adrenoceptors in SHR rats in pre- and early postnatal periods were activated to study evolution of arterial hypertension in offsprings. It is demonstrated that the injection of guanfacine to female from 10th to 18th days of pregnancy or since 2nd to 15th days after delivery reduce the blood pressure level in the posterity after their achievement of puberty. This effect is less significant in male offsprings. It is suggested that the less effect in male-offsprings is conditioned by the different density of adrenoceptors which dehends on androgene hormones.